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PHOTOSYNTHESIS Unit 12 Chemical Energy and ATP ATP • Adenosine triphosphate • The energy molecule • Has three phosphate groups When broken: Becomes ADP Releases energy Three phosphate groups NADPH • Electron carrier • Can create energy by sending electrons over a concentration gradient • Can help build important cells How Do Cells Get ATP? Heterotrophs Get ATP by plants and animals Undergo cellular respiration Autotrophs Get ATP from sunlight Undergo photosynthesis Photosynthesis • Light energy Chemical energy • Occurs in the chloroplast of a plant cell • The photosynthesis reaction happens with chlorophyll (green plant pigment) Photosynthesis Formula 6CO2 + 6H2O + light C6H12O6 + 6O2 Carbon dioxide + Water + light Sugars + oxygen The Two Photosynthesis Reactions Light Reaction • Uses light energy to make ATP • Water is required • Oxygen in a by-product Dark Reaction • Carbon dioxide is absorbed • ATP and NADPH work to make sugar • No light is required Light and Dark Reactions