Download HONORS BIOLOGY

HONORS BIOLOGY
FIRST SEMESTER FINAL
The following represent all topics we have covered and will cover before the end
of the first semester. These are important questions you should be able to
answer as you prepare for your final exam.
WHAT IS BIOLOGY?
What are the six characteristics of living things?
What is the difference between reproduction, growth and development?
What is an adaptation? Be able to identify examples.
What are the levels of organization in living things?
What is the difference between tissues, organs and organ systems?
SCIENTIFIC METHOD
What are the steps involved in the scientific method?
What are the characteristics of a controlled experiment?
What is a hypothesis? a theory? What is the difference between them?
What is the difference between a dependant and independent variable?
BASIC CHEMISTRY
What is the structure of an atom?
What is the difference between elements and compounds?
Why do atoms join together and how are the different types of bonds involved?
Compare the movement of molecules in solids, liquids and gases.
What are acids and bases and how are they different?
What are the chemical characteristics of acids and bases?
CHEMISTRY OF LIFE
What is the difference between organic and inorganic compounds?
What are the chemical similarities and differences among the four main kinds of
organic compounds? What are the monomers of each?
Summarize the interaction between an enzyme and its substrate.
Describe the roles of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids in living
organisms.
What are some important characteristics of water?
What chemical properties of water give it those characteristics?
MICROSCOPES
Calculate total magnification for objects viewed under a compound light
microscope.
Know the parts and functions of a microscope.
Understand how to determine the actual size of a microscopic object.
CELL BIOLOGY
What is the cell theory?
Compare the structure of the cell membrane with the cell wall.
Know the function and location of each organelle.
Distinguish between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
State the differences in structure between plant and animal cells.
Identify cell structures from a diagram.
CELL ENVIRONMENT
Define the terms concentration gradient and diffusion.
Define the terms isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic.
Describe the behavior of cells in isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solutions.
Discuss the cause of turgor pressure and its effect on plant tissues.
Compare the process of simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion.
Compare active transport and passive transport.
Define the terms endocytosis and exocytosis.
Describe phagocytosis and pinocytosis.
CELLS AND ENERGY
State the importance of ATP in cells.
Explain the ATP-ADP cycle.
State the function of chlorophyll in photosynthesis.
List the requirements for photosynthesis to occur and the products that result
from this process.
Summarize the main events of the light and dark reactions of photosynthesis.
Summarize the process of glycolysis.
Contrast fermentation with aerobic respiration and state uses for each.
State the difference between anaerobic respiration in plants and in animals.