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Bio 21: Ch. 28-31 Plant Evolution Study Guide Vocabulary: Cuticle Stomata Spore Seed Xylem Phloem Nonvascular plants Vascular plants Seed plants Gymnosperms Angiosperms Sporophyte Gametophyte Bryophytes Pteridophytes Monocots Dicots Parallel venation Net venation Root Smigala15 Stem Leaf Guard cells/stomata Flower Pollen Ovary Pistil Stamen Ch. 28 Plant Evolution: Describe the basic physical characteristics, the environment in which they are found and examples for each of the following: o bryophytes o pteridophytes o gymnosperms o angiosperms How are the 4 groups of plants related to one another in terms of evolution? Which group of plants is the most primitive? Review the evolution of the 4 groups based on: o desiccation prevention/transport of water and food o reproduction: methods of getting gametes together o form of embryo: spores vs. seeds What are the differences between monocots and dicots in terms of venation, cotyledons, petal number, and leaf vein pattern. Be able to give examples of each. Ch. 29 Plant Structures: Roots What is the function of a plant’s roots? Stems o What is the function of the stem? o What is the function of the xylem and phloem? Leaves o What is the function of leaves? o What are the different functions of the top and bottom side of leaves? o What is the role of the stomata? How do guard cells help? Flowers o What is the function of flowers? o Review the different parts of a flower and their jobs. o What kinds of plants have flowers? What role do plants play in the Nitrogen cycle?