Download UNIT 3 STUDY GUIDE: NEW REPUBLIC → EXPANDING NATION

Name: ______________________________
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Class period: ____________
UNIT 5: THE CIVIL WAR
Republicans Challenge Slavery
1. Identify:
(a) republican party
(b) John C. Fremont
(c) James Buchanan
(d) Abraham Lincoln
(e) John Brown
2. Define:
(a) arsenal
(b) abolitionist
3. What was the main goal of the Republican party?
4. Why did Americans pay special attention to the 1858 Senate race in Illinois?
5. Why did John Brown raid an arsenal at Harpers Ferry?
6. What political party was formed in 1854? And what was the party’s main goal?
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The South Breaks Away
7. Identify:
(a) John Breckinridge
(b) John Bell
(c) John Crittenden
(d) Confederate States of America
(e) Jefferson Davis
(f) Fort Sumter
8. Why did the Democratic party split in 1860?
9. What did Lincoln’s victory in the 1860 Presidential election mean to the South?
10. Why was Fort Sumter important to the Confederacy?
11. What battle marked the beginning of the Civil War?
12. What state was the first to break away from the U.S.?
Name: ______________________________
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Class period: ____________
UNIT 5: THE CIVIL WAR
Preparing for War
13. Define: secede
14. List the 7 states that seceded from the Union before Lincoln became President of the U.S. on
March 4, 1861.
15. List the 8 slave states that were still in the Union in April 1861.
Circle the states that remained in the Union during the Civil War.
16. Which state split in 1861, with the western portion remaining in the Union and becoming its
own state in 1863?
17. Identify:
(a) Jefferson Davis
(b) Edwin Stanton
(c) Robert E. Lee
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18. Label the below strengths as advantages of the North or South.
N = North (Union)
S = South (Confederacy)
______
Large fleet of private trading ships.
______
Before the Civil War had U.S. Army’s best officers.
______
Skills that made them good soldiers (hunting, riding horses, use of guns).
______
Industry – greatest resource (manufactured 90% of nation’s goods).
______
Strong navy.
______
Largest population of free citizens.
______
Strong military leadership (a chief advantage).
______
70% of nation’s railroad lines.
______
Fighting a defensive war.
______
Large resource of volunteers.
19. Label the below weaknesses as disadvantages of the North or South.
N = North (Union)
S = South (Confederacy)
______
Fewer people eligible to be soldiers or support the war effort.
______
Few railroads.
______
Invading unfamiliar land.
______
Few factories to make war supplies.
______
Few railroads to move troops and supplies.
______
Small population.
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20. Match the below strengths and weaknesses with the appropriate wartime leader.
L = President Abraham Lincoln
D = President Jefferson Davis
______
Attended West Point.
______
Patient, sense of humor, strong leader, good war planner.
______
Wanted to handle details of day-to-day military planning.
______
Secretary of War under President Franklin Pierce.
______
Officer in the Mexican War.
______
Little experience in national politics or military matters.
______
Wasted time arguing with advisers who disagreed with him.
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Class period: ____________
Name: ______________________________
UNIT 5: THE CIVIL WAR
The Struggle Begins
21. Match the strategy for victory (war plan) with the appropriate side.
U = Union Plan (North)
C = Confederate Plan (South)
______
Blockade ports to halt trade with Europe and cut off supply of
manufactured goods.
______
Fight a defensive war.
______
Seize Richmond, Virginia, and capture government headquarters.
______
Seize control of the Mississippi River to halt supply of troops and split the
area into two parts.
______
Fight for so long the other side would give up and stop fighting.
22. Identify:
(a) Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson
(b) George McClellan
(c) Ulysses S. Grant
23. Battle of Bull Run:
(a) Who won?
(b) What did both sides learn from this battle?
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24. Identify:
(a) Ironclad ship
(b) Merrimack
(c) Monitor
25. Battle of Antietam:
(a) Who won?
(b) Who claimed victory and why?
26. What was one of the bloodiest battles of the Civil War, where more Americans were killed or
wounded than in the American Revolution, War of 1812, and Mexican War combined?
27. Why was controlling Vicksburg, Mississippi, necessary in order to control the Mississippi
River?
Name: ______________________________
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Class period: ____________
UNIT 5: THE CIVIL WAR
Freedom
28. Define: emancipate
29. Why was Lincoln cautious about making abolition a war goal?
30. Emancipation Proclamation:
(a) When was it formally issued?
(b) Which areas of the nation were affected by it?
(c) Were slaves actually freed when it was issued? Explain.
31. How did African Americans help the Union?
32. How did enslaved African Americans help to undermine the Confederacy?
33. Identify: 54th Massachusetts Regiment
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Class period: ____________
Name: ______________________________
UNIT 5: THE CIVIL WAR
Hardships of War
34. Match the nickname with the appropriate side.
N = North
S = South
______
Blues (blue uniforms)
______
Grays (gray uniforms)
______
Rebels
______
Johnny Reb
______
Graybacks
______
Blue belly
______
Confederates
______
Billy Yanks
______
Yankees
35. Identify:
(a) Copperhead
(b) Dorothea Dix
(c) Clara Barton
(d) Sojourner Truth
(e) Sally Louisa Tompkins
36. How did technology make Civil War battles deadlier than battles of earlier wars?
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37. Define:
(a) civilian
(b) casualty
(c) bounty
(d) draft
(e) habeas corpus
(f) inflation
(g) profiteer
(h) tax-in-kind
38. Why did many northerners see the Civil War as “a rich man’s war and a poor man’s fight”?
39. Why did many southerners oppose the draft?
40. How did the Union blockade affect the South?
Name: ______________________________
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Class period: ____________
UNIT 5: THE CIVIL WAR
Victory at Appomattox
41. Identify:
(a) Fredericksburg
(b) Chancellorsville
(c) Gettysburg
(d) Atlanta
(e) Appomattox Courthouse
(f) Pickett’s Charge
(g) Gettysburg Address
(h) Ulysses S. Grant
(i) Philip Sheridan
(j) William Tecumseh Sherman
42. What victories in late 1862 and early 1863 encouraged the Confederates?
43. What battle marked the turning point of the war?
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44. What was Grant’s plan for ending the war?
45. Why was Grant better able than Lee to withstand tremendous losses?
46. Define: total war
47. Identify the causes and effects of the Civil War.
C = Cause (reason)
E = Effect (result)
______
Confederates bombard Fort Sumter.
______
Northern economy booms.
______
Total war destroys the South.
______
Issue of slavery in the territories divides the North and South.
______
Lee surrenders at Appomattox.
______
Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation.
______
South fears that it will lose power in the national government.
______
Northerners hate the Fugitive Slave Law.
______
South loses its cotton trade with Britain.
______
Southern states secede after Lincoln’s election.
______
Hundreds of thousands of Americans killed.
______
Blockade creates southern shortages.