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The Civil War
Vocabulary
Secession- The act of withdrawing formally from an
organization or nation
Emancipation Proclamation- President Lincoln’s declaration
that all slaves under Confederate control would be freed
Scorched Earth Policy- Policy of breaking the enemies will by
destroying food, shelter, and supplies
B. The Start of the War
1. The Election of President Lincoln
a. Lincoln gets a majority of the
electoral votes but only 40% of
popular vote
b. Southern States call for secession
(South Carolina is the first to leave)
Ft. Sumter, SC- 1861
2. The Fall of Fort Sumter
A. Confederate Army attacks Fort on April
13, 1861. Lincoln calls for 75,000 volunteers
to suppress the rebellion.
B. Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina, and
Tennessee leave Union and elect Jefferson
Davis
3. The Union and Confederacy Compared
A. North
1. Larger Population (22 million- 9 million)
2. Better Transportation
3. Better Industry
4. More Natural Resources
B. Confederacy
1. Better Military Leadership
2. Only had to fight a defensive war
C. Major Military Battles
1. The First Battle of Bull Run
A. 1861-Confederates outnumbered 2 to 1,
however, they defeat the Union forces
2. The Battles of Shiloh and Antietam
a. Shiloh- 20,000 die and both sides realize it is
going to be a long, bloody war
B. Antietam- 30,000 die, Union wins, and Britain decides not
to help the Confederacy
3. The Battles of
Gettysburg and
Vicksburg
3. The Battles of Gettysburg and Vicksburg
a. Gettysburg- 51,000 die, Union prevails
b. Vicksburg- Grant leads a Union victory in
Mississippi that gives the North an
edge in the South
D. Social and Economic Battles
1. Emancipation
a. North Repeals fugitive Slave Law
b. Lincoln gives Emancipation Proclamation
(border state slaves were not freed)
2. Riots
a. Riots in North because of the draft
b. Riots in South are due to lack of food and
supplies
3. New Roles
a. Women ran society while men were fighting
b. Red Cross founded, many women serve as
nurses
E. The Road to Surrender
1. Union Policies in the South
a. Sherman and Sheridan use scorched earth
policy and burn the South
2. Final Surrender
a. Lee surrenders at
Appomattox Court House on
April 9, 1865