Download From Republic to Empire - A Review of Rome

From Republic to Empire: A Review of Rome
Global History and Geography I
Name: ____________________________
E. Napp
Date: ____________________________
Questions:
1. Where is Rome located?
________________________________________________________________________
2. Why is Italy a peninsula?
________________________________________________________________________
3. Italy is shaped like a boot. What is the name of the large island to the south of the
boot?
________________________________________________________________________
4. What is the name of the sea that separates the Italian peninsula from Africa?
________________________________________________________________________
5. What is the name of the sea that borders Italy on the east?
________________________________________________________________________
6. What is the capital of present-day Italy?
________________________________________________________________________
7. What present-day countries border Italy?
________________________________________________________________________
8. Name a large volcano located near Naples. This volcano erupted burying the city of
Pompeii in 79 A.D.
________________________________________________________________________
Word Bank: Peninsula, Patricians, Plebeians, Republic, Carthage, Generals, Julius Caesar,
Augustus, Pax Romana, Christianity, Constantine, Barbarians, Latin, Life, Roads,
Innocent, Twelve Tables, Equal
1. How did the geography of the Italian
peninsula influence the development of
the Roman Empire?
(1) The unnavigable rivers in the northern
part of the peninsula protected the
Romans from their neighbors.
(2) The harsh climate prevented
agricultural production on the Italian
peninsula.
(3) The lengthy, rugged seacoast
encouraged frequent invasions of the
Italian peninsula.
(4) The location of the peninsula
contributed to Roman control of the
Mediterranean region.
2. One way in which the Code of
Hammurabi and the Twelve Tables are
similar is that each
(1) legalized monotheistic beliefs
(2) established legal standards
(3) provided records of economic activity
(4) supported republican governments
6. The Ancient Romans’ most significant
contribution to Europe has been in the area
of
(1) economics
(2) poetry
(3) drama
(4) law
7. Both the Ancient Romans and the Ancient
Chinese viewed foreigners as barbarians.
This is an example of
(1) cultural diffusion
(2) materialism
(3) imperialism
(4) ethnocentrism
(1)
(2)
(3)
3. Which body of water was most likely
the center of Roman trade?
(1) Red Sea
(3) Atlantic Ocean
(2) Black Sea (4) Mediterranean Sea
4. One contribution of ancient Roman
culture was the development of
(1) the concept of zero
(2) the process of making silk
(3) a republican form of government
(4) the printing press
5. Hammurabi’s Code, the Ten
Commandments, and the Twelve Tables
were all significant to their
societies because they established
(1) democratic governments
(2) official religions
(3) rules of behavior
(4) economic systems
(4)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
8. A major contribution of the
Roman Republic to Western
European culture was the
concept of government by laws
belief that political power should be
controlled by the military
establishment of agricultural
communes
rejection of the concept of slavery
9. The political system of the
Ancient Roman Empire was
characterized by
a strong central government
rule by a coalition of emperors and
religious leaders
universal suffrage in national
elections
a strict adherence to constitutional
principles
10. Important long-term
contributions of Ancient Greek
and Roman civilizations are
primarily found in the area of
military technology
religious doctrine
economic policy and planning
government and law
Adapted from
schoolhistory.co.uk
The Citizens of Rome
were divided into two
classes:
The Republic
1. The Patricians were
nobles who owned
large estates and
were descended
from the founders
of the city.
2. The Plebeians were
or ordinary
peasants and
craftsmen.
The citizens of Rome met in the assembly. They elected:
Questions:
1: Who were the Patricians?
______________________________________________________________________________
2: Who were the Plebeians?
______________________________________________________________________________
3: What rules of the Republic limited the power of government officials?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Yes, the Romans conquered a vast empire. And yes, some of the conquered people
welcomed Roman ways and Roman accomplishments. However, some people did not
welcome the conqueror. Some people rebelled.
The British leader Boudicca persuading her people
to rebel:
“Listen to me. You know the difference between
freedom and slavery. Before the Romans came, we
were free. Now we are slaves. When the Romans
invaded us they robbed us of our riches. Now they
continue to rob us by making us pay taxes. Every
year we work on our land- and for what? So that
they can take away all that we earn. I would rather
die in battle than have to pay taxes. But why do I
mention death? Even death isn’t free anymore. We
even have to pay the Romans before we can bury
our dead! They look down on us and trample us
underfoot. All Romans care about is making money
out of us.
~ written by Dio Cassius in the year AD 210.
Questions:
1: According to Boudicca, why should the British people rebel against the Romans?
_______________________________________________________________________
2: According to Boudicca, how do the Romans rob the British people?
_______________________________________________________________________
3: What would Boudicca prefer to do than pay taxes?
_______________________________________________________________________
4: According to Boudicca, why isn’t even death freedom anymore?
_______________________________________________________________________
5: According to Boudicca, what do the Romans only care about?
_______________________________________________________________________
6: Do you agree with Boudicca? Explain your answer.
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
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Questions Regarding the Roman Empire:
1. Which continents formed parts of the Roman Empire?
________________________________________________________________________
2. Which sea clearly was the most important trading route of the Roman Empire?
________________________________________________________________________
3. Germanic tribes called barbarians by the Romans invaded parts of the Roman
Empire. Did Germanic tribes invade the Western Roman Empire or the eastern
Roman Empire?
________________________________________________________________________
4. What is an empire anyway?
________________________________________________________________________
5. List three reasons for the fall of the Roman Empire.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
6. What geographical feature prevented the Romans from conquering more of Africa?
________________________________________________________________________
7. Did the Romans conquer Ireland?
________________________________________________________________________
8. Did the Romans conquer the Nile River Valley?
________________________________________________________________________
Christianity in the Roman Empire
Adapted from schoolhistory.co.uk
Jesus Christ was born in Palestine, then part of the Roman Empire. In about 26 A.D., he
began preaching, telling people about God’s love and forgiveness as well as salvation
through his son, Jesus. The Romans ultimately killed Jesus, claiming that Jesus was
inciting rebellion against Rome. He was crucified, which was a common and gruesome
death in the Roman Empire. The followers of Jesus were soon given the nickname
“Christians”.
The ideas of Christianity spread and the organization of the Roman Empire helped this in
several ways. First, it was relatively easy to move around the Empire. The Romans built
excellent roads with were safe from robbers. Second, there were common languages in the
Empire, Latin and Greek. This made the spread of the new ideas quick and easy. Finally,
the Roman army never had units of soldiers based in their home country, so as not to call
the loyalty of the men into question, many of the units based in Britain were from the
Middle East and so Christianity spread to Britain quite quickly.
While the Romans persecuted Christians for many years, a surprising event did occur.
Before a crucial battle in A.D. 312, the Emperor Constantine said that he had a dream
where he was told to paint the Christian symbol on the shields of his soldiers. He did this
and won the battle! He later in A.D 337 decided that in thanks he would allow the whole
Empire to worship any religion freely, including Christianity. The future of Christianity
was assured when Constantine converted to Christianity.
Questions:
1: Who was Jesus and what did he preach?
______________________________________________________________________________
2: Why did the Romans crucify Jesus?
______________________________________________________________________________
3: What is persecution?
______________________________________________________________________________
4: Why were Christians persecuted?
______________________________________________________________________________
5: List three reasons Christianity spread easily in the Roman Empire?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
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6: What did Emperor Constantine dream?
______________________________________________________________________________
7: Why did Emperor Constantine allow the people of his empire to worship freely?
______________________________________________________________________________
8: What happened that guaranteed the end of Christian persecution in the Roman Empire?
______________________________________________________________________________
9: The Romans crucified Jesus but turned Christianity into a world religion. Explain this
statement. ____________________________________________________________________
The Roman Legacy
Chart from schoolhistory.co.uk
So, what have the Romans ever done for us?
1: Which English authors were clearly influenced by the Romans?
______________________________________________________________________________
2: How did Roman art influence artistic trends in history?
______________________________________________________________________________
3: How has the Latin language influenced the English language?
______________________________________________________________________________
4: While the Roman Empire fell, Rome’s influence is still felt today. How have the Romans
influenced modern life?
______________________________________________________________________________
“All right, but apart from sanitation, medicine, education, wine, public order, irrigation,
roads, a fresh water system, and public health, what have the Romans ever done for us?”
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