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COURSE OUTLINE
Periodization 1:
Technological and Environmental
Transformations (to 600 BCE)
 Unit 1:Early Humans & River
Valley Civilizations
Periodization 2:
Organization and Reorganization of
Human Societies (600 BCE-600
CE)

Unit 2: India and China

Unit 3: Greece & Rome
Periodization 3:
Regional and Trans-regional
Interactions (600-1450)
 Unit 4: Islam & Africa
 Unit 5: Byzantine Empire
& the Middle Ages
 Unit 6: Americas, China,
& the Mongols
Periodization 4: Global
Interactions (1450-1750)
 Unit 7: The Renaissance
& Protestant Reformation
 Unit 8: Exploration &
Scientific Revolution
Periodization 5:
Industrialization and Global
Integration (1750-1900)
 Unit 9: The Middle East, Japan,
& China
 Unit 10: Enlightenment,
Revolutions, & Napoleon
 Unit 11: Industrial Revolution &
Imperialism
Periodization 6:
Accelerating Global Change and
Realignments (1900-Present)
 Unit 12: World War I, Rise of
Consumerism, and Global
Depression
 Unit 13: World War II
 Unit 14: The Cold War
 Unit 15: Decolonization
& Globalization
Units 7 and 8: Renaissance, Reformation, and the Age of Exploration
The Big Picture:
Units 7 and 8 cover the historical era from 1300 to 1600 called the Renaissance when Western Europe recovered from the Middle Ages.
During this “rebirth,” Europe experienced a revival in trade, learning, political stability, and cultural innovation. New scholars called
Humanists believed that people were capable of doing anything. Renaissance artists like Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci used new
techniques of realism, perspective, and classical designs from Greece and Rome. Authors emphasized human emotions, criticized
medieval authority, and inspired a new wave of rulers. As the feudal system broke down and lords lost power, nations began to form
under the rule of powerful kings. During the era of change, many people began questioning the practices of the Catholic Church and
hoped to reform religious practices. During this Protestant Reformation, leaders like Martin Luther, John Calvin, and Henry VIII
formed new broke from the Catholic Church and formed new denominations of Christianity. The Catholic Church responded to these new
Protestant faiths by sending Jesuit missionaries to make new converts. The increase in trade during the Renaissance led to an Age of
Exploration. During this era of discovery, European explorers searched for new trade routes to Asia, new people to convert to
Christianity, and new lands to conquer in the name of their kings.
Unit Pacing:
Homework (Due Dates)
Key Terms and Phrases:
12/6 – Rise of the Renaissance
12/6 – Analyze Documents
1.
Renaissance
17. Justification by Faith
12/10 – DBQ Timed Writing
12/10 – Prepare for timed
writing
2.
Florence, Italy
18. John Calvin (Calvinism)
12/12 – Complete Semester
Exam Review
3.
Medici Family
19. Predestination
4.
Classicism
20. Henry VIII (Anglicanism)
5.
“Renaissance Man”
21. Counter Reformation
6.
Leonardo da Vinci
22. Council of Trent
7.
Michelangelo
23. Jesuits
8.
Realism & Perspective
24. Johann Gutenberg
9.
Humanism
25. Henry the Navigator
12/12 – Review for Semester
Exam
1/7– Art and Literature of the
Renaissance
1/7 – Reading Assignment 1
1/9 – Protestant Reformation
1/13 – Reading Assignment 3
1/13 – The Counter Reformation
1/15 – The Age of Exploration
1/15 – Hands On History
Packet – Annotate and develop
questions
1/22 – Compare and Contrast –
Timed Writing
1/24 – Unit 7 Test
1/9 – Reading Assignment 2
10. Machiavelli
26. Ferdinand Magellan
1/22 – Prepare for timed
Writing
11. Petrarch, Dante, Erasmus
27. Dutch East India Co.
12. William Shakespeare
28. Colombian Exchange
1/24 – Complete Test Review
13. Protestant Reformation
29. Coercive Labor
14. Indulgences
30. New France
31. Gold, Glory, God
15. Martin Luther (Lutheranism)
16. Ninety-Five Theses
Essential Questions:
1. What factors caused the decline of Middle Ages and the rise of the Renaissance?
2. How did the Renaissance change (a) art. (b) literature, (c) government, and (d) learning?
3. Contrast Catholicism with the Protestant religions of Lutheranism, Calvinism, and Anglicanism?
4. Why did people explore the “New World?”
TEKS
1D, 4G, 5A, 5B,
23B, 24B, 25C,
26A, 27C, 27E
Reading Assignment 1 – Chapter 16
The Transformation of the West, pp 363-374
1.
The Protestant Reformation is credited to a German monk named
_____________________________, who in 1517 nailed a
document containing 95 theses, or propositions, to a university
door in Wittenberg.
2. His 95 propositions stated the following arguments: The
churches selling of _____________________________, or
grants of salvation, for money was wrong; Only
_____________________ could gain you salvation;
__________________________ was wrong; Priests should
__________________; and that the Bible should be
_____________________________________
3. List the two reasons why German princes supported Luther’s
ideas.
4. This religious dissent was commonly
called___________________.
5. List the two reasons why German peasants supported Luther’s
ideas.
6. What was the church established by Henry VIII in England?
7. Explain the initially reason Henry VIII established this church.
8. The theological foundation of Calvinism is a belief in God’s
_________________ of those who would be saved.
9. The political impact of Calvinism was that Calvinists sought the
participation of all believers in
________________________________________________.
10. By the early 17th century, _______________________
brought Calvinism to North America.
11. 9. The Catholic Church was able to defend religious unity in the
following areas;
12. What was the Catholic Reformation.
13. ______________________________ were a new religious
order that developed during the Catholic Reformation. They
were active in politics, education, and missionary work to
regaining parts of Europe for the Church.
14. Europe during the late 16th and early 17th centuries was plagued
by a series of
15. The Edict of Nantes (1598) granted:
16. In which area of Europe did the Thirty Years War breakout?
17. What were the results of the Thirty Years War?
18. Its treaty granted independence to _____________________.
19. The English Civil War in the 1640s, was a battle between
20. List the three lasting effects of the religious wars in Europe.
a.
25. Inflation and the new colonial opportunities led to the formation
of ___________________________________________
26. The average Western peasant or artisan owned about how many
times more “things” than his or her counterpart in southeastern
Europe?
b.
c.
21. Though Spanish power was in decline due to the religious wars,
______________ and
______________________________________ were
galvanized towards a growing international role.
22. List the four impacts brought about from the religious changes
in the 16th and 17th centuries.
27. Inflation and commercialization in the West produced a new
group of people called proletariat. Define this term.
28. List the three occupations of the proletariat.
a.
b.
c.
29. Explain the public views of this new social class.
30. Who were the Levelers?
23. What caused price inflation to occur throughout western Europe
during the 16th century?
31. During the 17th century European and New England experienced
an unprecedented outburst of__________________________.
They were reflected of a new__________________________
and hysteria due to new _____________________________.
32. Define the term scientific revolution.
24. What affect did inflation have European merchants?
33. List the achievement of the Polish clergyman Copernicus.
34. ____________________ publicized Copernicus’s discoveries
while adding his own basic findings about the law of gravity and
planetary motion.
42. Some intellectuals believed in a new concept of God. They were
called Deists. They believed:
35. John Harvey was responsible for what discovery during the
scientific revolution?
43. How did the Western view of science compare with that of other
civilizations?
36. __________________________________ urged the value of
careful empirical research and predicted that scientific
knowledge could advance steadily, producing improvements in
technology.
44. By the 17th century the feudal monarchy, the balance between
king and nobles, was finally being undone.
37. ________________________________ established the
importance of a skeptical review of all received wisdom, arguing
that human reason could develop laws that would explain the
fundamental workings of nature.
38. Name Isaac Newton’s work published in 1687 that drew various
theories together into a framework of natural laws.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
They stopped convening their
They blew up
The appointed
They sent
The professionalized
45. The monarch most associated with absolute monarchy was:
39. The principles of motion which state that a body in motion
remains in motion unless acted upon by outside forces such as
friction was first advocated by
_______________________________. He also defined the
forces of gravity in the universe.
46. He increased his political power by;
a. Becoming a major
b. Creating academies to.
c. Creating a sumptuous palace at Versailles to
40. The scientific revolution was quickly popularized among educated
Westerners. Thus leading to the following affects. New
____________________________ were set up to advance
research and disseminate findings. Public hysteria
__________________.
________________________ sprang up to guard against risk.
Doctors _______________________________________
47. Define the term mercantilism.
41. It created a wider assumption about the:
48. List the three mercantilist strategies utilized by absolute
monarchs.
a.
b.
c.
49. The ___________________________________ kings in
Austria-Hungary were the official rulers of the Holy Roman
Empire.
4. Prior to the 15th century, what two events spurred European
interest in global trade?
50. Most absolute monarchs saw a
____________________________________ as a key political
goal.
51. Which two nations stood apart from the trend toward absolute
monarchy in the 17th century? They built parliamentary regimes
in which the king shared power with representative parliaments.
52. The absolute monarchies and the parliamentary monarchies
shared important characteristics as nation-states. They ruled
53. They could appeal to
54. They kept the West
Reading Assignment 2 – The West and the World
Chapter 17, pp 383-394
1.
The voyages of exploration, and the empires built by European
conquerors and missionaries resulted in a_________________
in world affairs and a _______________________________
between world societies and civilizations.
2. What two factors cause a significant increase in contact
between civilizations during the post-classical period?
3. Between _________________ and ____________________,
various western European nations gained unprecedented mastery
of the world’s oceans.
5. Explain how eastern trade goods found their way to European
markets.
6. Europeans entered into this era of growing contacts with the
wider world with several disadvantages. They
__________________________________ of the wider world.
Many Europeans continued to believe that the
________________________________. Europe feared the
growing strength of the ________________________. Europe
lacked the _________________________ for Asian goods.
And European ships could not __________________________.
7. The _______________________________ were the first
European people to explore the Atlantic Ocean and Americas.
However, they quickly lost interest; because they encountered
___________________________________.
8. List the five technological improvements, of the 15th century,
that aided European exploration.
9. By the 15th century, the West began to forge a military
advantage over all other civilizations of the world, an advantage
it would retain into the ___________________________.
15. In 1492, the Italian navigator
___________________________, operating in the name of
Spain, set sail for a western route to India.
10. What three motivations drew Portugal’s rulers to global
exploration?
16. _____________________________________ gave the New
World its name.
17. ______________________________________ set sail
westward in 1519. It was on the basis of this voyage, the first
trip around the world, that Spain claimed the ______________
________________________________, which it held until
1898.
11. Portugal’s prince, ___________________________________,
organized a series of expeditions along the African coast and
also outward to islands such as the Azores.
12. What three things did Portuguese sailors bring back from
Africa?
13. __________________________________ rounded the Cape
of Good Hope in 1498 C.E. and eventually sailed to India.
14. Portuguese expeditions set up trading forts on the along the
coast of Africa and India. Such trading colonies were
________________________________________ in east
Africa, and _______________________________ in India.
They also gained control of the islands of
__________________________, which was the center of
spice production; and, gained some missionary success in
__________________________.
18. Portugal emerged from this first round of exploration with
coastal holdings in parts of ___________________________
and in the Indian port of _____________________, a lease on
the Chinese port of _________________________________,
short-lived interest in trade with _______________________,
and a claim on ______________________________.
19. Spain emerged from this first round of exploration with control
of the ________________ __________________________,
various _______________________________________
___________________________________________, and
the bulk of South and central _________________________,
as well as _______________________________, and the
_____________________________________________ of
North America.
20. Later in the 16th century, the lead in exploration shifted to the
nations of _______________________________,
_________________________________________, and
________________________________________________
___________________.
21. What two reasons caused this shift in exploration leadership?
22. The British won a historic sea battle in 1588 C.E., when it routed
a massive _______________________________________
23. ____________________________________________ in
1534 C.E., were the first northern Europeans to cross the
Atlantic, reaching Canada, which they claimed.
24. ________________________________________ hoped to
discover a northwest passage to spice-rich India, but ended up
exploring the Hudson Bay.
25. The __________________________________, after winning
their independence from Spain, quickly became a major
competitor with Portugal in Southeast Asia.
26. The only area of Africa colonized by Europeans by to the mid17th century was ________________________________ of
Africa by the ________________________________ mainly
to provide a relay station for its ships bound for the East Indies.
27. In order to facilitate colonization, settlement, and exploration,
the British, French, and Dutch, all charted great
________________________________. These companies
were given government _____________________________ of
trade in the region designated, they were not rigorously
_________________________ ______________________,
and they were allowed to raise __________________ and
______________________________________ on their own.
28. The _________________________________ effectively
ruled the island of Taiwan off the coast of China. And the
____________________ _____________________ played a
similar role in India.
29. List the three major consequences brought by Europe’s maritime
dominance.
30. It is estimated that _________% to 80% of Native American
populations died from smallpox and measles during the first 150
years of European contact.
31. China adopted ______________________ and
_____________________ which were two crops that
originated from the Americas.
32. In some cases new productive crops from the Americas, along
with local agricultural improvements, trigged
________________________________________ in the “old
world.”
33. Western Europe’s dominates of oceanic shipping led to increased
____________________________________, and European
ability to
________________________________________________
34. Who did the Spanish defeat at the battle of Lepanto?
35. Explain the significance of this Spanish victory.
36. Western Europe did not conquer inland territory of Africa and
Asia. Explain the dominant trade technique in these areas.
37. Where direct control was not feasible, European influence led to
the formation of special Western enclaves in existing cities like;
______________________________ in the Ottoman Empire,
_____________________ and _____________________ in
Russia, and _____________________________ in Japan.
38. Spain briefly dominated global trade; but, it lacked a good
__________________ _________________________ and
could not support a
________________________________________________
39. What was mercantilism.
47. Explain why Russia also lay outside the world economic orbit until
the 18th century.
48. Other than the slave-trading regions,
________________________ remained untouched by world
trading patterns.
49. What were the two British intentions for passing tariffs against
the import of cotton cloth made in India?
40. Beyond western Europe lay the areas that played a dependent
role in this new world economy. These areas produced
_________________________________: like precious
metals, and cash crops, and exchanged them for manufactured
goods.
50. What was the primary export product of Eastern Europe to
Western Europe?
Reading Assignment 3 - Colonial Expansion
pp 394 – 402
41. Parts of sub-Saharan Africa entered the new world economy
mainly as suppliers of
_____________________________________.
42. Because dependent economies relied on cheap production of
unprocessed goods, there was a tendency to build a system of
_____________________________ that would cost little.
1.
Opportunities to establish colonies were particularly inviting in
the Americas, where
_______________________________offered special
advantages.
43. Why didn’t Europeans utilize Native Americans for force labor?
2. Spain colonized __________________________ soon after
Columbus’s first voyages.
44. What were mestizos.
3. Only in _________did they begin settlement on the mainland.
45. Explain why East Asia (China) remained outside this new world
economy.
46. Explain why world trade was a sideline in the Indian economy.
4. ________________ established the first colony in what is now
Panama.
5. Another Spanish expedition headed toward the Inca Realm in the
Andes in 1531.
6. Who is Francisco Pizarro?
7. Pizarro first came to the Americas in 1502 and settled on the
island of _____________
8. At dinner in
1541_____________________________________.
1.
9. Early colonies in the Americas typically were developed by
_________________________________
19. Where was New France?
20. By 1755 New France had about _________________
10. Why did colonial rulers first establish loose control over Indian
populations?
21. France lost its colony under the terms of _______________,
which in 1763 settled the Seven Years War.
11. Gradually, more formal administration spread as
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
____________
22. Describe the Treaty of Paris.
12. What else added another layer of detailed administration
throughout the Spanish holdings in North and South America?
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
____________
13. Who else staked out colonial settlements in the Americas?
19 The first substantial European settlements were launched by
the French government under _______________
23. The Dutch were more attached to their
____________________
24. British and French leaders valued their
______________________much more than their North
American colonies.
14. The French led expeditions along the
_______________________
25. While the American Revolution set a example of a
_______________________________________________th
at was widely noted, in the main North America did not loom
large in world affairs in the 18 th century.
15. Dutch and English settlers moved into portions of the
_________________early in the 17th century.
26. Driven by ______________________________ Europeans
colonized the Atlantic coast.
16. English colonies along the Atlantic received religious refugees,
such as the ____________________________________ to
settle in New England.
27. The society that developed in the British colonies was far closer
to west European forms than was that of ________________
17. ________________________________________ led to
explicit efforts to recruit settlers.
18. New York began as a Dutch settlement but was taken over easily
by an _______________________
28. Colonists were also avid consumers of __________________
written in Europe.
29. Institutions such as the 18th century
_______________________ deliberately imitated European
scientific institutions.
th
30. By the late 18 century, some American merchants were trading
with China.
31. Great Britain hoped to win greater tax revenues and to
guarantee _________________________________
32. __________________________________ reduced the Indian
population greatly.
33. The horse was brought to __________________________
34. By 1700, the importation of _______________ proved to be a
more important addition to the North American experience.
35. By the late 18th century, _________ of the population of the
English colonies was of African origin.
36. American colonists were able to marry slightly earlier than
ordinary western Europeans because of
___________________________, and they had larger
families.
37. Even when the key colonists rebelled against European control
they moved in the name of
41. 43. As Mughal inefficiency increased, with a resultant surge of
regional states ruled by Indians, Portions of the subcontinent
became an arena for the growing
_________________________________________.
42. 44. What was the importance of Calcutta?
43. 45. The French were also more interested in _____________
than the British.
44. 47. Outright British – French warfare erupted in _________.
45. 47. In 1756, an Indian ruler in Bengal
________________________________________________
46. 48. The East India Company’s army recaptured Calcutta and then
seized additional Indian and French territory,
_______________________________________.
47. 49. In most colonies, European administration long remained
____________.
48. Missionary activity won many converts in the Philippines but not
elsewhere in ____________________.
49. Western Europe was affected by its own colonial success, not
only economically but also _________________.
38. 40. Define Cape Colony.
39. 41. Who were the Boers?
40. 42. The Dutch East India Company administrated portions of the
main islands of present day _________________ and also
_______________, off the coast of China.
50. Now for the first time, except for salt, a basic product, sugar,
available to ordinary people
______________________________.
51. The spread of sugar promoted a growing role for
_____________________________________________