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Rome Vocabulary Mr. Carangelo republic : A form of government in which power is in the hands of representatives and leaders are elected by the people. patrician : A member of the upper class of ancient Roman society plebeian : A member of the lower class of ancient Roman society senate : the supreme governing body in ancient Rome, made up of aristocrats Julius Caesar : military leader who conquered Gaul, served as a consul, and then ruled in Rome’s first triumvirate. Augustus : First emperor of Rome. He restored order and prosperity to the Empire after nearly a century of turmoil. Grandnephew to Julius Caesar. Pax Romana : A period of peace and prosperity throughout the Roman Empire lasting almost 200 years. Jesus : A Jew and a Roman citizen whose teachings paved the way for the spread of Christianity. Constantine : Roman Emperor who issued the Edict of Milan, which outlawed the persecution of Christians. He also founded the city of Constantinople, the future capital of the Byzantine Empire. Constantinople : New capital of the Roman Empire located on the Bosporus Greco-Roman culture : a blend of Greek, Hellenistic and Roman influences