Download The Nature of Life – Chapter 1

North Mac High School -- Pacing Guides
Title of Course: Biology I
Course Textbook: Biology- Prentice Hall
ISBN#: 0-13-050742-3
Instructors: Lisa Bolsen, Kelly Kallenbach, Adrienne Range, Amy Zalisko
1st Quarter schedule
Pretest: Week 1 (Year-long assessment over 2 days)
The Nature of Life – Chapter 1
Objectives: 1.1.1: Explain the goal of science.
1.1.2: Explain and identify a hypothesis.
Objectives: 1.2.1: Describe how scientists test hypotheses.
1.2.2: Explain how a scientific theory develops.
Objectives: 1.4.1: What measurement system do most scientists use?
1.4.3: Describe two common laboratory techniques.
1.4.4: Explain why it is important to work safely in Biology.
Assessments: Unit worksheets and chapter test
(Note: Chemistry (Chapter 2) covered in Chem I and Earth Science.)
The Biosphere – Chapter 3
Objectives: 3.1.1: Identify the levels of organization that ecologists study.
3.1.2: Describe the methods used to study ecology.
Objectives: 3.2.1: Identify the source of energy for life processes.
3.2.2: Trace the flow of energy through living systems.
3.2.3: Evaluate the efficiency of energy transfer among organism in an ecosystem.
Assessments: Unit worksheets and chapter test
Ecosystems and Communities – Chapter 4
Objectives: 4.1.1: Identify the causes of climate. (brief)
4.1.2: Explain how Earth’s temperature range is maintained. (brief)
4.1.3: Identify Earth’s three main climate zones. (brief)
Objectives: 4.2.1: Explain how biotic and abiotic factors influence an ecosystem.
4.2.2: Identify interactions that occur within communities.
4.2.3: Describe how ecosystems recover from a disturbance.
Objectives: 4.3.1: Explain what microclimates are.
4.3.2: Identify the characteristics of major land biomes.
Objectives: 4.4.1: Identify the factors that govern aquatic ecosysems.
4.4.2: Identify the two types of freshwater ecosystems.
4.4.3: Describe the characteristics of the marine zones.
Assessments: Unit worksheets and chapter test
Populations – Chapter 5
Objectives: 5.1.1: List the characteristics used to describe a population.
5.1.2: Identify factors that affect population size.
5.1.3: Differentiate between exponential and logistic growth.
Objectives: 5.2.1: Identify factors that limit population growth.
5.2.2: Differentiate between density-dependent and density-independent
limiting factors
6.3.1: Define biodiversity and explain its value (from chapter 6)
6.3.2: Identify current threats to biodiversity (from chapter 6)
Objectives: 5.3.1: Describe how the size of the human population has changed over time.
5.3.2: Explain why population growth rates differ in countries throughout the world.
Assessments: Unit worksheets, chapter test, and Project: Ecosystem book
1st Semester midterm
Begin Cell Unit at the end of 1st quarter. Complete 7-2 by end of 1st quarter.
2nd Quarter schedule
Cell Structure and Function – Chapter 7
Objectives: 7.1.1: Explain what the cell theory is.
7.1.2: Name the basic cell structures.
7.1.3: Describe prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Objectives: 7.2.1: Describe the main function of the cell wall.
7.2.2: Describe the function of the cell nucleus.
7.2.3: Identify the main roles of the cytoskeleton.
7.2.4: Describe the functions of the major cell organelles.
Objectives: 7.3.1: Identify the main functions of the cell membrane.
7.3.2: Describe what happens during diffusion.
7.3.3: Explain the processes of osmosis, facilitated diffusion, and active transport.
Objectives: 7.4.1: Describe cell specialization.
7.4.2: Identify the organization levels in multicellular organisms.
Assessments: Unit worksheets, chapter test, and Cell color diagram
Cell Growth and Division – Chapter 10
Objectives: 10.1.1: Explain the problems that growth causes for cells.
10.1.2: Describe how cell division solves the problems of cell growth.
Objectives: 10.2.1: Name the main events of the cell cycle.
10.2.2: Describe what happens during the four phases of mitosis.
Objectives: 10.3.1: Identify a factor that can stop cells from growing.
10.3.2: Describe how the cell cycle is regulated.
10.3.3: Explain how cancer cells are different from other cells.
Assessments: Unit worksheets, chapter test, and Project: Mitosis flip book
1st Semester Final Exam
3rd Quarter schedule
Introduction to Genetics – Chapter 11
Objectives: 11.1.1: Describe how Mendel studied inheritance in peas.
11.1.2: Summarize Mendel's conclusion about inheritance.
11.1.3: Explain the principle of dominance
11.1.4: Describe what happens during segregation.
Objectives:
11.2.1: Explain how geneticists use the principles of probability.
11.2.2: Describe how geneticists use Punnett squares.
Objectives: 11.3.1: Explain the principle of independent assortment.
11.3.2: Describe the inheritance patterns that exist aside from simple dominance.
11.3.3: Explain how Mendel’s principles apply to all organisms.
Objectives: 11.4.1: Contrast the chromosome number of body cells and gametes.
11.4.2: Summarize the events of meiosis.
11.4.3: Contrast meiosis and mitosis.
Objectives: 11.5.1: Identify the structures that actually assort independently.
Assessments: Unit worksheets, chapter test
DNA and RNA – Chapter 12
Objectives: 12.1.1: Summarize the relationship between genes and DNA.
12.1.2: Describe the overall structure of the DNA molecule.
Objectives: 12.2.1: Summarize the events of DNA replication.
12.2.2: Relate the DNA molecule to chromosome structure.
Objectives: 12.3.1: Tell how RNA differs from DNA.
12.3.2: Name the three main types of RNA.
12.3.3: Describe transcription and the editing of RNA.
12.3.4: Identify the genetic code.
12.3.5: Summarize translation.
12.3.6: Explain the relationship between genes and proteins.
12.4.1: Contrast gene mutations and chromosomal mutations.
Objectives: 12.5.1: Describe a typical gene.
12.5.2: Describe how the lac genes are turned off and on.
12.5.3: Explain how most eukaryotic genes are controlled.
12.5.4: Relate gene regulation to development.
Assessments: Unit worksheets, chapter test, and Project: DNA replication model
Genetic Engineering – Chapter 13
Objectives: 13.1.1: Explain the purpose of selective breeding.
13.1.2: Describe two techniques used in selective breeding.
13.1.3: Tell why breeders try to induce mutations. (brief)
Objectives: 13.2.1: Explain how scientists manipulate DNA.
Objectives: 13.3.1: Summarize what happens during transformation.
13.3.2: Explain how you can tell if a transformation experiment has been successful.
Objectives: 13.4.1: Describe the usefulness of some transgenic organisms to humans.
13.4.2: Summarize the main steps in cloning.
Assessments: Unit worksheets, chapter test
The Human Genome – Chapter 14 (Video: Genetic engineering “Cracking the Code”)
Objectives: 14.1.1: Identify the types of human chromosomes in a karyotype.
14.1.2: Explain how sex is determined. (brief)
14.1.3: Explain how pedigrees are used to study human traits.
14.1.4: Describe examples of the inheritance of human traits.
14.1.5: Explain how small changes in DNA cause genetic disorders.
Objectives: 14.2.1: Identify characteristics of human chromosomes.
14.2.2: Describe some sex-linked disorders and explain why they are more
common in males than in females.
14.2.3: Explain the process of X-chromosome inactivation.
14.2.4: Summarize nondisjunction and the problems it causes. (brief)
Objectives:
14.3.1: Summarize methods of human DNA analysis. (brief)
14.3.3: Describe how researchers are attempting to cure genetic disorders.
Assessments: Unit worksheets, chapter test
Photosynthesis & Respiration – Chapters 8 & 9
Objectives: 8.1.1: Explain where plants get the energy they need to produce food.
8.1.2: Describe the role of ATP in cellular activities. (brief)
Objectives: 8.2.1: Explain what experiments reveal about how plants grow. (brief)
8.2.2: State the overall equation for photosynthesis.
8.2.3: Describe the role of light and chlorophyll in photosynthesis.
Objectives: 8:3:1: Describe the structure and function of a chloroplast.
8:3:2: Describe what happens in the light-dependent reactions.
8:3:3: Explain what the Calvin cycle is. (brief)
8:3:4: Identify factors that affect the rate at which photosynthesis occurs.
Objectives: 9.1.1: Explain what cellular respiration is.
9.1.2: Describe what happens during the process of glycolysis.
9.1.3: Name the two main types of fermentation.
Objectives: 9:2:1: What happens during the Krebs cycle? (brief)
9:2:2: Explain how high-energy e- are used by the electron transport chain. (brief)
9:2:3: Identify three pathways the body uses to release energy during exercise. (brief)
9:2:4: Compare photosynthesis and respiration.
Assessments: Unit worksheets, chapter test
2nd Semester midterm (3/4 Exam)
4th Quarter schedule
Plant Diversity – Chapter 22
Objectives: 22.1.1: Explain what a plant is.
22.1.2: Describe what plants need to survive.
22.1.3: Describe how the first plants evolved.
Objectives: 22.2.2: Identify the three groups of bryophytes. (brief)
22.2.3: Explain how bryophytes reproduce. (brief)
Objectives: 22.3.2: Describe the three phyla of spore-bearing plants.
22.3.3: Identify the stages in the life cycle of ferns.
Objectives: 22.4.1: Describe the reproductive adaptations of seed plants.
22.4.2: Describe the evolution of seed plants.
22.4.3: Identify the four groups of gymnosperms.
Objectives: 22.5.1: Identify characteristics of angiosperms
22.5.2: Explain what monocots and dicots are.
22.5.3: Describe the three different life spans of angiosperms.
Assessments: Unit worksheets, chapter test
Roots, Stems, and Leaves – Chapter 23
Objectives: 23.1.1: Describe the organs and tissues of vascular plants.
23.1.2: Contrast meristematic tissue with other plant tissues.
Objectives: 23.2.1: Describe the two main types of roots.
23.2.3: Describe the different functions of roots.
Objectives: 23.3.1: Describe the two main functions of stems.
23.3.2: Contrast monocot and dicot.
Objectives
23.4.1: Describe how the structure of a leaf enables it to carry out photosynthesis.
23.4.2: Describe how gas exchange takes place in a leaf.
Objectives:
23. 5.1: Explain how water is transported throughout a plant.
23.5.2: Describe how products of photosynthesis are transported throughout a plant
Assessments: Unit worksheets, chapter test, and Project: leaf and identification project
Reproduction of Seed Plants – Chapter 24
Objectives: 24.1.1: Identify the reproductive structures of gymnosperms and angiosperms.
24.1.2: Explain how pollination and fertilization differ between angiosperms and
gymnosperms.
Objectives: 24.2.1: Describe the development of seeds and fruits.
24.2.2: Explain how seeds are dispersed.
24.2.3: List the factors that influence the dormancy and germination of seeds. (brief)
Objectives: 24.3.1: Identify the forms of plant vegetative reproduction.
24.3.2: Describe plant propagation. (brief)
24.3.3: Identify major food-supply crops for humans. (brief)
Assessments: Unit worksheets, chapter test
Plant Responses and Adaptations – Chapter 25
Objectives: 25.1.1: Describe patterns of plant growth.
25.1.2: Explain what plant hormones are & (1.3) how they affect growth.
Objectives: 25.2 : Explain tropisms, photoperiodism, and how plants prepare for winter
Objectives:
25.3 : Summarize how plants are adapted to different environments
Assessment: Unit worksheets, chapter test 2nd Semester Final Exam