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Vocabulary Review
NJASK SCIENCE 8
A WORDS:
_____ 1. acceleration
A. smallest particle of an element
that has the properties of that element
_____ 2. atom
B. a characteristic that helps an organism survive in
its habitat.
_____ 3. atmosphere
C. the rate of change in velocity.
_____ 4. air mass
D. the gases that surround Earth.
_____ 5. adaptation
E. the height above the sea level of a place.
_____ 6. altitude
F. large body of air that has a uniform temperature and
humidity.
_____ 7. asexual reproduction
G. the height of the crest or depth of the trough of a wave.
_____ 8. amplitude
H. only 1 parent produces offspring, and it is identical to
the parent.
B WORDS:
_____ 1. bacterial decay
(decay of bacteria)
A. tendency of an object to float.
_____ 2. bar graph
B. visual tool to compare observations.
_____ 3. biodiversity
C. temp. at which a substance
changes from liquid to gas.
_____ 4. boiling
D. rapid change in phase from
liquid to gas with bubbles.
_____ 5. boiling point
E. microorganisms that break
down dead organisms.
_____ 6. buoyancy
F. Describes the great variety of species on Earth or in a habitat.
C WORDS:
_____ 1. calorie
A. The fluid that fills a cell.
_____ 2. carnivore
B. Outermost solid rock layer of earth.
_____ 3. cell
C. Chemical wearing away of a metal.
_____ 4. cell membrane
D. Earth’s center
_____ 5. chemical bond
E. Transfer of heat by direct molecular contact.
_____ 6. chemical change
F. Boundary formed when a cool air mass pushes into
and under a warm air mass.
_____ 7. chemical energy
G. All the different populations of
Species that live within a habitat
_____ 8. chemical property
H. Saving of natural resources through wise use.
_____ 9. chloroplast
I. An organism that obtains nutrients by eating
other organisms.
_____ 10. climate
J. Changing of water vapor into water droplets.
_____ 11. climax community
K. A microscope that uses 2 lenses.
_____ 12. cold front
L. Transfer of heat by flowing action within a liquid or gas.
_____ 13. community
M. Substance formed when 2 or more different
elements combine chemically.
_____ 14. competition
N. Interaction between organisms that require
the same food and resources.
_____ 15.compound
O. Final community that emerges
_____ 16. compound microscope
P. Unit used to measure amount of heat energy
in a substance.
_____ 17. condensation
Q. Average condition of the atmosphere in an area
over many years.
_____ 18. conduction
R. Meat eating animal.
_____ 19. conservation
S. Organelle in plant /algae cells that contain chlorophyll.
_____ 20. consumer
T. Basic unit of structure and function of all living things.
_____ 21. convection
U. Characteristic that a substance shows when it
changes to a new substance(s).
_____ 22. core
V. Outer covering of the cell, and regulates the flow
of materials in and out of the cell.
_____ 23. crust
W. Energy stored in certain substances because of
their chemical makeup.
_____ 24. corrosion
X. Link that joins one atom to another.
_____ 25. cytoplasm
Y. A change that results in one or more new substances being
created.
D WORDS:
_____ 1. decomposer
A. Change in frequency of sound when the source
and/or observer are in motion relative to each other.
_____ 2. density
B. Compares mass of an object to its volume.
_____ 3. dependent variable
C. Breaking down of nutrients into useable forms
_____ 4. digestion
D. Variable that you measure, and depends on
independent variable.
_____ 5. Doppler effect
E. Organism that breaks down dead
organisms, returning nutrients to the environment.
E WORDS:
_____ 1. earthquake
A. Group of organisms in danger of extinction.
_____ 2. eclipse
B. Species that no longer exists.
_____ 3. ecological succession
C. Removal of waste products of cellular respiration
from body.
_____ 4. ecology
D. Process by which a species changes over time.
_____ 5. ecosystem
E. Change of liquid to vapor(gas).
_____ 6. electrical energy
F. Event that occurs when the sun, moon and Earth
are in a straight line.
_____ 7. electromagnetic spectrum
G. Living members of a community along w/nonliving
elements of environment.
_____ 8. electromagnetic waves
H. Shaking of the Earth’s crust, caused by sudden
movement of rocks sliding along a fault in crust.
_____ 9. elimination
I. Ability to do work.
_____ 10. endangered species
J. One of the basic substances that form matter.
_____ 11. energy
K. Energy waves that travel at speed of light and can move
thru a vacuum.
_____ 12. environment
L. Study of interaction between organisms and their
environment.
_____ 13. erosion
M. Removal of undigested materials from body.
_____ 14. evaporation
N. Continuous band of waves formed by the
electromagnetic waves together.
_____ 15. evolution
O. Surroundings in which an organism lives, including
living and nonliving.
_____ 16. excretion
P. Natural process by which one community of living
things is replaced by another.
_____ 17. extinct
Q. Process by which rock material at Earth’s surface
is physically worn away and carried away.
_____ 18. electrons
R. Energy produced by flow of electrons from one point
to another.
_____ 19. element
S. Negatively charged particles found within an atom.
F WORDS:
_____ 1. faulting
A. Boundary that forms between two different air masses.
_____ 2. fertilization
B. Temperature at which a substance changes from
a liquid to a solid.
_____ 3. First Law of Motion
C. A push or pull.
_____ 4. folding
D. Number of interconnected food chains.
_____ 5. food chain
E. Process by which rock layers in Earth’s crust
are squeezed into wavelike patterns .
_____ 6. food web
F. Process by which internal forces
cause earth’s crust to break and slide along fractures.
_____ 7. force
G. Joining together of an egg and a sperm cell, during sexual
reproduction to produce a new individual
_____ 8. fossil
H. An object at rest will remain at rest; an object
in motion will remain in motion unless acted upon
by an outside Force.
_____ 9. freezing
I. sequence of organisms through which nutrients
are passed along in an ecosystem.
_____ 10. freezing point
J. Phase of the moon that occurs when earth is
between the sun and the moon, so all of moon’s
lighted side can be seen from Earth.
_____ 11. frequency
K. A force that resists motion.
_____ 12. friction
L. A change in phase from solid to liquid.
_____ 13. front
M. The remains or traces of an ancient organisms,
usually found in sedimentary rock.
_____ 14.Full Moon
N. Number of waves that pass by a fixed point
in a given amount of time.
G WORDS:
_____ 1. gene
A. Trapping of heat in Earth’s atmosphere by.
carbon dioxide.
_____ 2. Greenhouse Effect
B. An increase in size of an organism.
_____ 3. growth
C. A piece of genetic information that influences a trait.
H, I & K WORDS:
_____ 1. habitat
A. The liquid part of the earth.
_____ 2. heat energy
B. Variable you control in an experiment.
_____ 3. herbivore
C. Unable to dissolve in a solvent.
_____ 4. hibernate
D. Particular environment in which an organism lives.
_____ 5. high—pressure system
E. Largest group in classification system for living things.
_____ 6. hurricane
F. Plant-eating animal.
_____ 7. hydrosphere
G. Enter a sleep like state of reduced body activity.
_____ 8. hypothesis
H. Form of energy produced by vibrating motion of
molecules in a substance.
_____ 9. independent variable
I. Large areas where air is sinking causing high pressure.
_____ 10. inertia
J. Large rotating storm; forms over the ocean in tropics,
with strong winds and rains.
_____ 11. ingestion
K. Process of taking in food.
_____12. inner core
L. Tendency of an object to remain at rest or in motion.
_____ 13. insoluble
M. Possible answer to a scientific problem, based on
observation and/or prior knowledge.
_____ 14.kingdom
N. Earth’s center; thought to be solid.
L WORDS:
_____ 1. latitude
A. Solid part of the earth.
_____ 2. Law of Conservation of Energy
B. Earthquake wave (L wave) that travels along
Earth’s surface.
_____ 3. Law of Conservation of Mass
C. Piece of transparent glass or plastic that
bends light rays due to curved surfaces.
_____ 4. Law of Conservation of Matter
D. Changes an organism undergoes as it develops
and produces offspring.
_____ 5. lens
E. Matter can neither be created nor destroyed
in a chemical reaction.
_____ 6. life cycle
F. Distance in degrees, east and west of the
prime meridian.
_____ 7. light
G. Energy can neither be created or destroyed.
_____ 8. lithosphere
H. Mass can be neither be created nor destroyed
in a chemical reaction.
______ 9. longitude
I. Visible form of radiant energy that moves in
waves.
_____ 10. longitudinal wave
J. A large area where air is rising causing low
surface air pressure.
_____ 11. low pressure system
K. Distance measured in degrees North or South
of the equator.
M WORDS:
_____ 1. mantle
A. A change in the genetic material of an organism.
_____ 2. mass
B. A rock fragment traveling through space that
enters Earth’s atmosphere and burns up.
_____ 3. matter
C. The standard SI unit for length.
_____ 4. mechanical energy
D. The smallest particle of a compound.
_____ 5. melting
E. Layers beneath Earth’s crust that are solid, but
flows slowly.
_____ 6. melting point
F. Amount of matter in an object.
_____ 7. metabolism
G. Change in phase from a solid to a liquid.
_____ 8. metal
H. A naturally occurring solid substance made of inorganic
material.
_____ 9. metamorphosis
I. Feature above the Earth’s surface that rises
above surrounding landscape; caused by folding,
faulting or volcanic activity
_____ 10. meteor
J. Anything that has matter and takes up space.
_____ 11. meter
K. Shiny solids that conduct electricity.
_____ 12. microorganism
N. A form of energy with which moving objects
perform work.
_____ 13. migrate
O. The sum of all chemical reactions that take place
in the body.
_____ 14. mineral
P. To move from one environment to another.
_____ 15. mixture
Q. Very small organism that usually cannot be seen
without a microscope.
_____ 16. molecule
R. Describes a living thing that is composed of more
than one cell.
_____ 17. motion
S. Two or more substances put together without
forming a new substance.
_____ 18. mountain
T. The temperature at which a substance changes
from a solid to a liquid.
_____ 19. multicellular
U. The process of a complete change in body form going
from juvenile to adult.
_____ 20. mutation
V. A change in position of an object relative to another
object, assumed to be at rest.
N WORDS:
_____ 1. Natural Selection
A. A process that includes ingestion, digestion,
and elimination.
_____ 2. New Moon
B. The center of an atom; structure within a cell that
controls cell activities.
_____ 3. noble gases
C. Energy stored within the nucleus of an atom;
used by nuclear power plants to make electricity.
_____ 4. nonmetal
D. Food substances that an organism uses for producing
energy as well as for growth and repair.
_____ 5. nonrenewable resources
E. Solids and gases that are poor conductors of electricity.
_____ 6. nuclear resources
F. Resource, like a mineral, that cannot be replaced by
nature within a short span of time.
_____ 7. nucleus
G. A group of gaseous elements that seldom react with
other elements.
_____ 8. nutrients
H. A process that favors those organisms that are best
able to survive and reproduce.
_____ 9. nutrition
I. Phase of the Moon that occurs when the Moon is
between Earth and the Sun, so the Moon cannot
be seen from Earth.
O WORDS:
_____ 1. observation
A. Group of organs that act together to perform a
function.
_____ 2. omnivore
B. The path of an object in space that is revolving
around another object.
_____ 3. orbit
C. A living thing.
_____ 4. organ
D. consumer that eats both plants and animals.
_____ 5. organism
E. A group of tissues that act together to perform a
function.
_____ 6. organ system
G. Layer that surrounds the Earth’s inner core,
about 2300 km thick; S waves cannot
travel through it, so it is thought to be liquid.
_____ 7. outer core
P WORDS:
H. Anything we perceive through use of one
or more of our 5 senses
_____ 1. phases(of the Moon)
A. An animal hunted by a predator.
_____ 2. photosynthesis
B. Organism that makes its own food.
_____ 3. physical change
C. Earthquake wave that can travel through
liquids and solids.
_____ 4. physical property
D. Harmful substances that contaminate the
environment.
_____ 5. plain
E. Winds that commonly blow in same direction
at a given latitude.
_____ 6. plateau
F. large area of Earth’s surface made up of
horizontally layered rocks, at a relatively
high elevation.
_____ 7. plate tectonics
G. Always stated in the form of a question in
scientific query.
H. An animal that hunts and kills another animal
for its food.
_____ 8. pollutants
_____ 9. population
I. The theory that the Earth’s crust is broken up
into a number of large pieces or plates, that
move and interact, producing many of Earth’s
surface features.
_____ 10. predator
J. All the members of a particular species that live
within a habitat.
_____ 11. prevailing winds
K. Process by which plants use energy from
sunlight and carbon dioxide and water to
make sugar and oxygen.
_____ 12. prey
L. The changing apparent shape of the Moon, as
seen from the Earth.
_____ 13. primary wave
M. A broad, flat landscape region at a low elevation.
_____ 14. problem
N. Characteristic of a substance that can be
determined without changing the identity
of the substance.
_____ 15. producer
O. Change in the appearance of substance that
does not alter the chemical composition of the
substance.
R WORDS:
_____ 1. radiation
A. Gathering of facts, data, and opinions on a
scientific topic.
_____ 2. regulation
B. Spinning of an object around its axis; Earth
makes one complete rotation on its axis/day
_____ 3. renewable resource
C. Movement of an object in space around another
object, such as the orbit of the moon around Earth.
_____ 4. reproduction
D. Transfer of heat through space in form
of waves.
_____ 5. research
E. Resource that can be replenished by nature.
_____ 6. respiration
F. Process by which organisms use theenergy stored
in food (glucose and oxygen),releasing carbon dioxide
and water as waste products.
_____ 7. revolution
G. Process by which an organism produces new
individuals or offspring.
_____ 8. rotation
H. Process that helps an organism maintain
a constant internal environment.
S WORDS:
_____ 1. satellites
A. Group of components, or parts, that work
together for a common purpose.
_____ 2. science
B. System of International metric units used by all
Scientists to express measurements.
_____ 3. scientific method
C. Ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent.
_____ 4. secondary wave
D. Form of energy that moves in waves,
produced by vibrations in an object.
_____ 5. Second Law of Motion
E. Distance traveled per unit of time.
_____ 6. sexual reproduction
F. Study of the natural world.
_____ 7. SI units
G. Rigorous mathematical way of examining
experimental data.
_____ 8. solar system
H. Relationship among force, mass and
acceleration ; F = ma.
_____ 9.solubility
I. Solid objects in solar system that revolve
around planets.
_____ 10. soluble
J. Earthquake wave that can only travel through solids.
_____ 11. solute
K. Organized step by step approach to problem solving in science.
_____ 12. solvent
_____ 13. sound
L. Form of reproduction that involves two parents.
M. Substance that dissolves in the solvent
_____ 14. species
N. Mixture with evenly distributed
dissolved components.
_____ 15. speed
O. Maximum amount of solute that can
dissolve in a given amount of solute at a
given temperature.
_____ 16. statistical analysis
P. Sun and all the objects that move around
it, including the planets, their moons, comets
asteroids, and meteors.
_____ 17. system
Q. Group of organisms of the same kind that
can produce fertile offspring
_____ 18. solution
R. Substance that dissolves the solute.
T / U WORDS:
_____ 1. technology
A. Describes a living thing composed of a
single cell; ex: amoeba.
_____ 2. temperature
B. Violent whirling wind, sometimes funnel shaped.
_____ 3. Third Law of Motion
C. Process of moving materials throughout
an organism.
_____ 4. thunderstorm
D. Application of scientific knowledge and
other resources to develop new products and
processes.
_____ 5. tides
E. For every action there is an equal and
opposite reaction.
_____ 6. tissue
F. Rise and fall in the level of the ocean’s
waters that usually takes place twice each day.
_____ 7. tornado
G. Measure of the avg. molecular
motion of a substance.
_____ 8. transport
H. Group of similar cells that act together to
perform a function.
I. Brief intense rainstorm that affects a small
area, accompanied by thunder and lightning.
_____ 9. unicellular
V/W WORDS:
_____ 1. variable
A. Moving of an object a distance by force.
_____ 2. velocity
B. Changing conditions of the atmosphere,
with respect to heat, cold, rain, snow, etc.
_____ 3. volcano
C. Speed of an object in a certain direction.
_____ 4. volume
D. Amount of space an object occupies.
_____ 5. warm front
E. Attempt to make accurate predictions of
future weather.
_____ 6. water cycle
F. Direction from which the wind is blowing.
_____ 7. wavelength
G. Breaking down of rocks into smaller
pieces, mostly caused by wind, water and ice.
_____ 8. weather
H. Continuous movement of water beneath
Earth’s surface and the atmosphere by means
of evaporation, condensation and precipitation.
_____ 9. weather forecasting
I. movement of air over Earth’s surface
_____ 10. weathering
J. Boundary formed when a warm air mass
slides up and over cool air mass.
_____ 11. wind
K. Includes blizzards and ice storms
_____ 12. wind direction
L. Distance from one point on a wave
to the corresponding point on next wave.
_____ 13. winter storms
M. Changeable condition that can affect the
outcome of an experiment.
_____ 14. work
N. Opening of earth’s surface through which
hot, liquid rock flows.