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Name: ___________________Key________________ BOT 105 P LANT B IOLOGY Summer Term 2002 Exam 3 1. Label Gametophyte and Sporophyte portions of the following diagrams. A __Sporophyte___________ B __Gametophyte_________ C __Gametophyte_________ D __Sporophyte___________ E ___Gametophyte_________ F ___Sporophyte__________ 2. Name 2 developments that led to the success of non-algae plants on land. Stomata, Root / shoot systems, true leaves, seeds, Vascular tissue, seed dormancy, spores with sporopollenin, lignin, tissue specialization, ability to dry out Extra Credit: Name 2 reasons why it is believed that land plants arose from green algae. Similar reproductive pattern, pigments, cell walls, cell division. 3. Name the Genera of Seedless Vascular plants which bears its leaves in a whorl, has a hollow stem, is homosporangiate, topped with a terminal strobilus with sporangiophores, and whose body is impregnated with silica. a. Psilotum (Whisk Fern) b. Lycopodium (Club Moss) c. Isoetes (Quillwort) d. Selaginella (Resurrection Plant) e. Equisetum (Horsetails, Scouring rush) 4. Discuss the difference between the Homosporus and Heterosporus conditions. Homosporus plants make gametophytes that are bisexual (have both archegonia and antheridia. Heterosporus plants make gametophytes that are either male (with antheridia) or female (with archegonia). 1 BOT 105 Name: ___________________Key________________ 5. A structure of Sporophylls densely arranged on a central axis a. Sporangia b. Club Moss c. Strobilius d. Moss gametophyte 6. Most Ferns are a. Homosporus and Eusporangiate. b. Homosporus and Leptosporangiate. c. Heterosporus and Eusporangiate. d. Heterosporus and Leptosporangiate. 7. Sori are a. masses of Leptosporangiate Sporangia. b. found on the upper surface of Fertile Leaves. c. found on gametophytes. d. either covered (indusia) or naked. e. special type of Fern Sporangia. f. a and c g. a, and d 8. Label the Seed diagram by matching the appropriate letter with the possible answer choices below. (Quarter of a point of Extra Credit will be awarded for every tissue for which the correct Ploidy Number is named.) __B__ Seed Coat _2N__ __A__ Microphyle __2N __ __F__ Embryo __2N __ __D__ Cotyledons _2N ___ __G__ Apical Meristem __2N ___ __E__ Radicle __2N ___ __C__ Endosperm ___3N __ 2 Name: ___________________Key________________ BOT 105 9. Mature Male Gametophyte in Seed plants a. is a pollen grain. b. never leaves the sporangium. c. has 3 nuclei. d. is still flagellated in most genera. 10. In Gymnosperms, the megasporangium becomes the _________________ when the egg is fertilized. a. Seed b. Nucellus c. Tapetum d. Endosperm e. Seed coat f. Integument 11. Fill in the table with the correct Phyllum Trait Coniferophyta Cycadophyta Ginkgophyta “Gender” Monoecious Leaf Type Fertilization Mode Cone Types Needle or Scale like Pollen tube Special Dioecious Dioecious Fern or Palm like Fan-like Pollen tube then Pollen tube then Flagellated Sperm Flagellated Sperm Compound ♀, Both Simple Fleshly ♀ Cone, Simple ♂ Cone Cones Simple Male Leaves bunched into Mistaken for Palm One species left in Facicles trees this phylum Gnetophyta Dioecious Various Pollen tube Both Compound Cones Related to ancestors of Angiosperms 12. The following are traits of the Gnetophyta which are Angiosperm-like except: a. Animal pollinated and/or dispersed b. Synecious cones c. Double fertilization d. Advanced vascular tissue e. Inflorescence-like branching in cone bearing structures. In the next 2 questions (13 and 14), fill in the blank with either Primitive or Advanced. 13. A flower with fused carpels and an inferior ovary is more _Advanced_ than a flower with free carpels and a superior ovary. 14. A flower with no petals or sepals is more ___Advanced__ than a flower with petals and sepals. 3 Name: ___________________Key________________ BOT 105 15. Name 4 differences between Monocots and Dicots Character Monocots Dicots Vascular Bundle arrangement Secondary growth Floral members Stomata Vein arrangement Cotyledon # Random Not possible 3 4 celled parallel 1 In a ring Possible 4,5 2 celled netted 2 Extra Credit: Name the force driving Floral Evolution. Mutualism with animals for pollination 16. A seed may be prevented from germinating in all cases except: a. Conditions which are too dry b. Relatively high amounts of Abscissic Acid (ABA) c. Relatively high amounts of Giberillic Acid (GA) d. Conditions which are too cool 17. The tissues of vascular plants are considered to fall into these basic types: a. vascular and non-vascular b. above ground and below ground c. stem, root, and leaves d. ground, vascular, and dermal 18. Label the following Root Diagram using terms from this word box. A ___Stele__________ B ___Phloem________ C ___Epidermis______ D ___Cortex_________ E ____Xylem_________ F ____Endodermis___ Cortex Endodermis Epidermis Lignin Periderm Phloem Pith Ray Stele Xylem 4 Name: ___________________Key________________ BOT 105 19. The Endodermis waterproofs the Stele of a Root using which of the following compounds? a. Casparian Strip b. Subrin wax layer c. Secondary walls with lignin d. All of the above 20. Name the organ of origin for each of the following: Tuber: __________Root_______ Rhizome: ________Stem_______ Spine: ___________Leaf___________ Prickle: __________hair___________ Corm: ___________Stem___________ Pneumatophore: ___Root___________ 21. Which of the following hormones encourages Root Growth? a. Auxin b. Abscissic Acid (ABA) c. Ethylene d. Cytokinins e. Gibberillic Acid (GA) 22. What 2 conditions describe a Vascular Bundle that is closed? Lack of Vascular Cambium Surrounded by Sclerenchyma Scattered arrangement in the stem 23. The presence of _______________ allows Secondary Growth. a. Procambium b. Sclerenchyma c. Vascular cambium d. Both Xylem and Phloem 24. Name a leaf modification and state its purpose. Various responses 5 BOT 105 Name: ___________________Key________________ 25. Hormones are: a. compounds that create a physiological response in small quantities b. compounds produce a physiological response when expressed in large quantities c. cells that produce a physiological response 26. Name the Hormone that is associated with each of the following groups of effects: ____Auxin_______ Apical dominance, phototropism, and cell expansion ____ABA________ Stomatal Closure, and dormancy in seeds and buds ____GA_________ Bolting (increasing internode length), and breaking dormancy ____Ethylene_____ Senescence, fruit ripening, and triple response of seedlings ____Cytokinin____ Delays senescence, and induces cell division 6