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Biology I - DNA/RNA Test Review Figure 12-1 1. Figure 12-1 shows the structure of a(an) 2. In Figure 12-1 the structure labeled X is called a 4. DNA is copied during a process called 5. During DNA replication, a DNA strand that has the bases CTAGGT produces a strand with the bases 6. In eukaryotes, DNA is located in the 7. RNA contains the sugar 8. Unlike DNA, RNA contains 9. What are found in both DNA and RNA? 10. Which type(s) of RNA is(are) involved in protein synthesis? 11. What is produced during transcription? 12. What happens during the process of translation? 13. Genes contain instructions for assembling 14. Which type of RNA functions as a blueprint of the genetic code? 15. A mutation that involves a single nucleotide is called a(an) 16. What are examples of gene mutations? 17. What are examples of frameshift mutations? 18. The "backbone" of DNA is made up of 19. In a DNA molecule cytosine bonds with 20. The enzyme RNA polymerase aids in which process? 21. Watson and Crick discovered that in the eukaryotic cell, DNA is in the shape of a 22. Proteins are made up of long chains of 23. Coffee has a pH of about 5, that means that 24. Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into 25. What is released during cellular respiration? 26. DNA is the code for making proteins at the ribosome. Why is it important for the cell to make so many proteins? 27. The process of making a protein begins in the nucleus where RNA is created in a process called _____a._____. From there _____b._____ leaves the nucleus and picks up an amino acid in the cytoplasm. It meets mRNA at the _____c._____ and locates the three bases on mRNA or a _____d._____ that compliments its anticodon. Once in its proper position the amino acids bond and begin to form a polypeptide chain, which is called a _____e._____ when it is complete 28. Using the following DNA strand (a)find the mRNA strand that would be made and (b)the amino acids it would code for. G C C T C C A C T 29. for? Figure 12-2 What is a codon, where is it found and what does it code Biology I - DNA/RNA Test Review Figure 12-1 1. Figure 12-1 shows the structure of a(an) DNA Molecule 2. In Figure 12-1 the structure labeled X is called a Nucleotide 4. DNA is copied during a process called Replication 5. During DNA replication, a DNA strand that has the bases CTAGGT produces a strand with the bases GATCCA 6. In eukaryotes, DNA is located in the Nucleus 7. RNA contains the sugar Ribose 8. Unlike DNA, RNA contains Ribose and Uracul 9. What are found in both DNA and RNA? Phosphate groups, a 5-carbon sugar, and nitrogenous bases 10. Which type(s) of RNA is(are) involved in protein synthesis? tRNA and mRNA 11. What is produced during transcription? RNA 12. What happens during the process of translation? Protein is created 13. Genes contain instructions for assembling Proteins 14. Which type of RNA functions as a blueprint of the genetic code? mRNA 15. A mutation that involves a single nucleotide is called a(an) Point mutation 16. What are examples of gene mutations? When genes are misorders on a chromosome 17. What are examples of frameshift mutations? Insertion and deletion 18. The "backbone" of DNA is made up of Sugar and phosphate group 19. In a DNA molecule cytosine bonds with Guanine 20. The enzyme RNA polymerase aids in which process? Transcription 21. Watson and Crick discovered that in the eukaryotic cell, DNA is in the shape of a Double helix 22. Proteins are made up of long chains of Amino acids 23. Coffee has a pH of about 5, that means that It is an acid 24. Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into Oxygen and glucose 25. What is released during cellular respiration? Carbon dioxide and ATP 26. DNA is the code for making proteins at the ribosome. Why is it important for the cell to make so many proteins? The cell needs many enzymes to control its biochemical reactions and all enzymes are proteins 27. The process of making a protein begins in the nucleus where RNA is created in a process called _____Transcription._____. From there _____tRNA_____ leaves the nucleus and picks up an amino acid in the cytoplasm. It meets mRNA at the ____ribosome._____ and locates the three bases on mRNA or a _____codon_____ that compliments its anticodon. Once in its proper position the amino acids bond and begin to form a polypeptide chain, which is called a _____protein_____ when it is complete 28. Using the following DNA strand (a)find the mRNA strand that would be made and (b)the amino acids it would code for. G C C T C C A C T C G G A G G U G A Arginine - Arginine - Stop 29. What is a codon, where is it found and what does it code for? A codon is 3 Bases found on mRNA and it codes for an Amino Acid Figure 12-2