Download FUNCTIONAL NAME OF STRUCTURE EXAMPLE

FUNCTIONAL
GROUP
Hydroxyl
Carbonyl
Carboxyl
Amino
Sulfhydryl
Phosphate
NAME OF
COMPOUNDS
STRUCTURE
EXAMPLE
FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES
FUNCTIONAL
GROUP
NAME OF
COMPOUNDS
Hydroxyl
Alcohols (their
specific names
ends in –ol )
Carbonyl
Ketones
Aldehyde
STRUCTURE
EXAMPLE
FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES
is polar as a result of the electronegative oxygen atom drawing
electrons toward it
attracts water molecules, helping dissolve organic compounds
such as sugars
A ketone and an aldehyde may be structural isomers with
different properties, as in the case for acetone and propanal.
Has acidic properties because it is a source of hydrogen ions.
The covalent bond between oxygen and hydrogen is so polar
that hydrogen ion (H+) tend to dissociate reversibly; for example,
Carboxyl
Carboxylic acids,
or organic acids

Amino
Amine
Sulfhydryl
Thiols
Phosphate
Organic
Phosphates
Because it also
has a carboxyl
group, glycine is
both an amine
and a carboxylic
acid; compounds
with both groups
are called amino acids.
Acts as a base; can pick up a proton from the
surrounding solution:

Ionized, with a charge of
conditions.
+1,
under cellular
Two sulfhydryl groups can interact to stabilize protein structure
(fig. 5.20)
Makes the molecule of which it is a part an anion (negatively
charged ion).
Can transfer energy between organic molecules
FUNCTIONAL
GROUP
Hydroxyl
NAME OF
COMPOUNDS
STRUCTURE
EXAMPLE
Draw and name an
example
Alcohols (their
specific names
ends in –ol )
FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES

Use the letters on the next page to designate the correct
functional properties for each of the arrows in this column.

Draw both types of
structures
Ketones
Aldehyde

Carbonyl


___________ acids,
or organic acids

Because it also has a
carboxyl group,
glycine is both an
amine and a
carboxylic acid;
compounds with both
groups are called
_____ acids.
Sulfhydryl
Thiols
Phosphate
Organic
Phosphates
Draw both types of
structures
Draw glycine




Draw and name an
example


AP BIOLOGY
Functional Groups Quiz
Match these functional properties (by letter) to the functional groups on the chart. This is only a sample. The choices will be reordered on your quiz.
)

B)
 A _______ and an ________ may be structural isomers with different properties, as in the case for _______ and ________.
(Add the missing words in correct order on the chart. ex. B) ______, _______, ______, _______)
C)
 This group is polar as a result of the electronegative oxygen atom drawing electrons toward it.
D)
 The covalent bond between oxygen and hydrogen is so polar that hydrogen ion (H+) tends to dissociate reversibly; for example
E)
 Makes the molecule of which it is a part an anion (negatively charged ion).
F)

G)
 Acts as a base; can pick up a proton from the surrounding solution:
H)
 Has acidic properties because it is a source of hydrogen ions.
I)
 attracts water molecules, helping dissolve organic compounds such as sugars
J)
 Can transfer energy between organic molecules
K)
 Ionized, with a charge of +1, under cellular conditions.
L)
 Two groups can interact to stabilize protein structure.