Download 2015 Biology Spring Final Review

2015 Biology Spring Final Review
Your spring final will consist of 50 multiple choice questions at 2 points a question.
You can use YOUR review on your final! Don’t forget it!
Genetics – Chapter 6
 Chromosomal mutation

Cancer

Gene

Allele

Genotype vs Phenotype

Homozygous vs. Heterozygous

Dominant vs Recessive

Incomplete dominance vs. Codominance

Be able to:
o
Set up and predict outcomes using a Punnett Squares: Here are some example questions:
1. Dihybrid cross: If several pea plants with the genotype TTBb are crossed with pea plants with the genotype
Ttbb, what percentage of the offspring will be expected to have the TTBb allele combination?
2. Colorblindness is a recessive, X-linked trait. In marriages between a man who is colorblind (XbY),
and a woman who is a carrier (XBXb) what percentage of their children can be expected to be sons
who are not color blind?
3. The offspring of two chickens have a 1 out of 4 chance of being white. The color white is a recessive trait
(y). Which cross could produce the probability of such offspring?
o
Interpret a Karyotype  identify chromosomal mutation
o
Read results of DNA Fingerprinting
o
Read and interpret a Pedigree
Cells vs Viruses – Chapter 18
Prokaryotic Cells
Eukaryotic Cell
Lytic cycle
Lysogenic Cycle
Antibiotic
Vaccine
All Cells
Virus
Structure
Genetic Material
Energy
Reproduction
How are bacteria helpful in humans?
How are bacteria harmful to humans?
EVOLUTION – Chapter 11-12
What is Evolution?
Be able to match the Mechanisms of Evolution to examples:
Gene flow
Genetic Drift
Mutation
Sexual Selection
Natural Selection
Artificial Selection
What is the theory of Common ancestry?
How do scientists use the following types of evidence to study evolution? Know examples of each
Fossils
Homologous Structures
Embryological Development
Artificial Selection
Taxonomy – Chapter 18
Understand how to use Linnaeus’ system of classification to show relationship between species:
Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species.
DNA sequencing
Know how to use binomial nomenclature and be able to compare evolutionary relationships of species
What is a dichotomous key? How do you read one? Be able to compare relationship of species using a D.Key.
To able to compare and identify characteristics of each kingdom
Archeabacteria
Eubacteria
Protista
Fungi
Plants
Animal
Domain
Prokaryote or
Eukaryote
Cell wall makeup
(made up of)
Unicellular or
Multicellular
Autotroph or
Heterotroph
ECOLOGY – Chapter 3-4

Know the levels of organization (from largest to smallest):
Biosphere  Ec osystem  Community  Population  Individual

What happens to the amount of available energy at each trophic level? Explain the 10% Energy Law.

How does an ecosystem maintain balance?

What is the purpose of decomposers? Why are decomposers necessary for an ecosystem?

Be able to identify what type of adaptation is described (structural, functional, behavioral). Then state how that
adaptation is helping the organism maintain homeostasis in regards to conserving/releasing energy and/or
nutrients.
Be able to identify examples of community interactions and symbiotic relationships:
Predation
Competition
Be able to identify examples of succession:
Primary Succession:
Commensalism
Mutualism
Parasitism
Secondary Succession:
Be able to identify types of beneficial bacteria in the environment and identify HOW they are helping the environment.
 Nitrogen-fixing bacteria

Decomposers
Changes in an Ecosystem
 Be able to explain how limited resources lead to competition which affects the ecosystem.

Be able to explain how abiotic and biotic factors affect the equilibrium of a population/ecosystem

Be able to describe how environmental change can impact ecosystem stability.

Be able to identify cause and effect of Carbon and Nitrogen cycles.