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Transcript
Name The founder of Renaissance painting in Flanders was Jan van Eyck. He painted with oil paints and was one of the first to show just what could be done in this medium. The Renaissance in Northern Europe One of his most well-known pieces was the Ghent Altarpiece. An altarpiece was a painting on wood. It was made of several hinged panels that could be opened to show the scene inside or closed to show the paintings on the back. By Sharon Fabian The Renaissance, a rebirth of interest in art and science, appeared in different ways in different places. In Italy, the center of the Renaissance, it showed up as a rebirth of interest in classical Greek and Roman culture. In Flanders, a Renaissance center in Northern Europe, the Renaissance appeared as a more gradual change from the style of the Middle Ages to a more realistic and expressive style. Flanders was what we now know as Belgium and part of France. It was at some distance from Italy and other European cities where the Renaissance had already begun to flourish. Of course, Flemish artists had heard of Michelangelo, Raphael, and other Renaissance giants, and were interested in their work. Flemish artists were also developing their own unique style in the 1500's. During the Middle Ages, miniature paintings had been popular in Flanders. These miniatures were the style used in illuminated manuscripts, books with tiny paintings for the initial letter on a page, or even full paintings in miniature. By the mid 1500's, however, interest in miniatures began to fade, and another style captured the interest of both artists and the public. This new style featured large paintings meant to be displayed in public. With this large format, artists could go into much more detail in each painting. They began to create paintings that were much more realistic and expressive than earlier works of art. In fact, realism and facial expressions are two features that distinguish Renaissance painting from earlier styles. Portraits by van Eyck were also in demand. He painted an interesting wedding portrait of Giovanni Arnolfini and his wife. In this portrait, there is a mirror in the background, and reflected in the mirror is van Eyck himself. The shiny, reflective mirror is also a good example of how Renaissance painters learned to paint surfaces as they were affected by light. The painting is full of elaborate details, from the mirror itself, to the puppy at the couple's feet, to the pair of wooden sandals on the floor. Another famous Flemish painter of the Renaissance period was Rogier van der Weyden. He is known for his religious paintings, often of dramatic, tragic scenes. His paintings became popular all over Europe; however, he is less well-known today. A more controversial painter from the Northern European Renaissance was Hieronymus Bosch, a Dutch painter. Bosch's paintings contain mysterious figures, symbols, and images. Strange creatures and machines make the viewer wonder what his paintings are all about. He is often considered an early inspiration for the movement known as surrealism in twentieth century art. Details from his paintings have even been used on album covers for rock and heavy metal music. At the same time that all of these innovations in painting were taking place, creative people of the Renaissance were making changes in other arts and in science as well. Just one example is Gerardus Mercator, famous for his maps that gave Renaissance people a new way of looking at the world. A new way to look at the world, new ways to look at religion, new ways to look at art, and even new ways for people to look at themselves " these were just some of the contributions of the talented and creative people of the Northern European Renaissance. 7. Renaissance paintings are known for their realistic facial expressions. A. false B. true Name The Renaissance in Northern Europe Questions 1. The main center of the Renaissance in Europe was ______. A. Belgium B. Italy C. France D. Flanders 2. The article is mainly about the Renaissance in ______. A. Italy B. Flanders C. France D. Belgium 3. The Ghent Altarpiece was painted by ______. A. Raphael B. Jan van Eyck C. Michelangelo D. Bosch 4. An altarpiece is a ______. A. large painting for the ceiling of a church B. piece of carved furniture C. painting on canvas D. painting on wood with folding panels 5. Renaissance paintings were more realistic than paintings of the Middle Ages. A. false B. true 6. Oil paint was a medium not yet in use during the Renaissance. A. false B. true