Download Anatomy and physiology

Anatomy-Before we Begin
Let’s review some
basics that will help
you succeed in
Human Anatomy.
What is this man called and who created him?
Anatomy-Before we Begin
In a good lecture,
every PowerPoint
slide has a reason to
be there. Your
Professor made it for a
reason and wants you
to learn something
from that slide.
Anatomy-Before we Begin
Well, okay-not every
single slide has to
have a heavy topic.
Sometime there will
be some for comic
relief or just to break
up a long lecture.
Anatomy-Before we Begin
How to take notes
from PowerPoint
lectures:
First, look over the
slide.
Is it something you
already know?
Don’t copy-just listen
Anatomy-Before we Begin
How to take notes
from PowerPoint
lectures:
First, look over the
slide.
Is it something you
don't know?
Listen to the professor
and then copy what is
emphasized.
Don’t copy every word
Anatomy-Before we Begin
Develop a consistent style
for taking notes.
Use standard
abbreviations.
If you don’t understand
the slide, ask the
professor to explain.
It is OK to ask the
professor to wait while
you copy info.
Anatomy-Before we Begin
Wrap Ups-most lectures
will be followed by a set
of Wrap Up Questions.
Complete these as soon
after the lecture as
possible. If you can’t
answer a Wrap Up you
missed the point of the
lecture and need to get
help from your professor.
Anatomy-Before we Begin
Wrap Ups-become your
Study Guide for the
Lecture Test and also
serve as extra credit on the
lecture test.
Repeat after me: ”Wrap
Ups are my Friends.”
Anatomy-Before we Begin
HOW TO STUDY
ANATOMY
Work with a “study
buddy” or “study group.”
Work with the specimensevery humerus has small
differences and you
should be familiar with
these.
Anatomy-Before we Begin
HOW TO STUDY
ANATOMY
When you think you
know the material,
quiz yourself. You
might be surprised at
how different it is
without your study
buddies.
Anatomy-Before we Begin
HOW TO STUDY
ANATOMY
Come in early, come at
advisory time, stay
late.
Keep two sets of lab
books-one at home
and one at school.
Use the internet and
CDs.
Anatomy-Before we Begin
Don’t Cram…
Avoid this scene!
Field Trip-We will
take a field trip to St.
Louis University
Anatomy Lab in the
spring for a cadaver
demonstration
workshop.
More then.
Anatomy-Before we Begin
Finally, Anatomy can be a memorization
intensive course. I try to teach in a style that
reduces the amount of memorization but I
can’t take it all away.
Fact: You will learn more new words in
Anatomy this year than in your foreign
language course!
You will have to memorize. Work on this
every day.
Anatomy-Before we Begin
My goal is for each and everyone of you to
succeed in this class.
Remember that I am here to help and all
you have to do is ask.
You are a great group of students and I
know each of you will do great.
Ready-let’s start this jalopy up and get
going.
College Anatomy
Lecture 1
Introduction to Anatomy
Southern Boone County Schools
Bill Palmer
Anatomy
Study of the body’s structure and
the relationships between the
body’s parts.
Physiology
The study of how the parts work.
Anatomy-Important Folks
Anatomy-Natural Science-Humans have
been fascinated by humans since we had the
ability to think and reason.
What is the pounding in my chest?
What is the red stuff when I cut myself?
Where do babies come from?
Anatomy-Important Folks
Egyptians knew about
human anatomy as
early as 1600 BCE
Mummification
Knew organs
Wrote paper in 1550
BCE about the heart.
Anatomy-Important Folks
Greeks
Hippocrates-in 5th
century BCE knew
muscles, skeleton, and
kidneys
Father of Medicine
Hippocratic Oath
(First, do nor harm)
Anatomy-Important Folks
Greeks
Aristotle-as great as
Hippocrates was, he
speculated on many
issues.
Aristotle was a
“hands-on” kind-ofguy.
Dissected stuff
Anatomy-Important Folks
Greek
Galen
2nd century
Anatomy Expert for
1500 years (dark ages)
Anatomy-Important Folks
Enlightenment
Vesalius-Belgium and
France. Dissected
humans that were
executed
Anatomy-Important Folks
Enlightenment
Michelangelo and
Rembrandt-famous
artists-studied
anatomy
Anatomy-Important Folks
William Harvey
English
1500s
First to correctly
describe how
circulatory system
works.
Organization
The Human Body is organized.
Cells-Simplest structure capable of performing
all living functions
Tissues-Groups of cells working together to
perform specific functions.
Organs-Tissues working together to perform
specific functions
Organ Systems-Groups of organs working
together to perform specific functions.
Organization
Cells
Most of our cell work
will be done in labs.
You should already
know the basic parts.
In Lab, we will study
several types of cells
found in the human
body.
Tissues
There are only FOUR types of tissue:
Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous
Tissues
1. Epithelial –
covers surfaces
(e.g. skin, lining
of blood
vessels, lungs
and stomach
Tissues
2. Connective –
stabilizes and
supports other
tissue (e.g.
bone, cartilage,
blood, fat)
Tissues
3. Muscle – has
ability to
contract or
shorten (e.g.
stomach, heart,
bicep)
Tissues
4. Nervous –
specialized for
rapid conduction
of messages (e.g.
neurons)
Organs
Organs are composed of numerous tissues
Organs
Organs (many) make up organ systems (11).
Organ Systems
Organ Systems are in Three Groups
according to function.
1. Body Support, and Movement
2. Coordination, Regulation, and Defense
3. Transport and Exchange with environment
Organ Systems
1. Body Support and Movement
•
•
•
Integument (skin)
Skeletal
Muscular
2. Coordination, Regulation and Defense
•
•
•
Nervous
Endocrine
Lymphatic
Organ Systems
3. Transport and Exchange with environment
•
•
•
•
•
Cardiovascular
Respiratory
Digestive
Urinary
Reproductive
Support and Movement
Integument System (1)
Skin, hair, nails, glands
Protects, regulates temperature
Support and Movement
Skeletal System (2)
206 bones, cartilages, ligaments
Strengthens, protects, stores of minerals
Weird Fact: The human baby has 305 bones and
the adult has 206 bones! What happened?
Support and Movement
Support and Movement
Muscle System (3)
700 skeletal muscles
posture, balance, supports, generates heat,
movement
Coordination, Regulation, and
Defense
Nervous System (4)
Brain and spinal chord and nerves
outside brain and spinal chord and
sense organs (eye, ear)
Communication
Coordination, Regulation, and
Defense
Endocrine System (5)
Uses hormones to send signals to the
body
Glands (pituitary, thyroid,
parathyroid, thymus, pancreas,
gonad)
Coordination, Regulation, and
Defense
Lymphatic System (6)
Lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes,
thymus, tonsils, spleen
Immune functions
Transport and Exchange with
the Environment
Cardiovascular System (7)
Heart, blood, blood vessels, marrow
of bone (where red blood cells are
made
Carries nutrients, dissolved gases,
and hormones to tissues and carries
waste product from tissue
Transport and Exchange with the
Environment
Respiratory System (8)
Lungs and passageways that carry
air to and from lungs
Oxygen comes into system and
carbon dioxides is expelled
Transport and Exchange with
the Environment
Digestive System (9)
Digestive tract (begins at mouth and
ends at anus) with stomach,
small/large intestines, pancreas,
liver, etc.
Absorb nutrients and expel wastes
Transport and Exchange with the
Environment
Urinary System (10)
Kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra
Absorb/retain water, proteins and
expel wastes
Reproduction
Reproductive System (11)
Male
testes, seminal vesicles, urethra, penis
Produce and deliver sperm
Female
ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina
Produce eggs, house developing
embryo
Wrap up (1)
1. What is anatomy?
2. What is physiology?
3. Why are humans fascinated and
interested in Anatomy?
Wrap up (2)
4. Tell the contribution of each of the
following to the history of Anatomy:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Egyptians
Hippocrates
Aristotle
Galen
Vesalius
Rembrandt and Michelangelo
William Harvey
Wrap up (3)
5. How is the body organized?
6. What are the 4 types of tissues?
Examples?
7. What are the 3 classification systems of
the organ systems?
Wrap up (4)
8. What are the 11 organ systems?
9. List each ORGAN system and the main
parts.
10. What is the purposes of the
organs/organ systems?
THE
END!