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Label Continents and Oceans on world map Social Scientists 1. What is the job.. a) Sociologist: to study customs and values of a culture b) economists: to study how people, societies, and nations choose and supply the things they want c) political scientists: to study how people are governed Social Scientists 2. read, observe, investigate, ask questions 3. People are complex Geography Notes What is Geography? • The study of all the physical features of the Earth’s surface, including people, their environments, and their resources Themes of Geography • Location: absolute, relative • Place: Physical and human Characteristics • Interaction between people and the environment Themes of Geography • Movement: – migration – trade – ideas – Diffusion: movement of customs or ideas from one place to another; spread of cultural features – Interdependence: mutual dependence of countries on goods, resources, and knowledge from other parts of the world • Region: unifying characteristics Longitude and Latitude Lines of Longitude or Meridians • Runs north-south and meet at the poles (up & down) • Measured east/west of the Prime Meridian (00 degrees longitude) • The direction in which the degrees increase is the direction from the Prime Meridian (east/west) Lines of Latitude or parallels: • Run east-west (across) • Measured by degrees north/south of the equator (00 degrees latitude) • The direction in which the degrees increase is the direction from the equator (north/south) Climate vs. Weather • Climate: the pattern of changes in weather over a number of years • Weather: the condition of air at any one time Latitude and Climate • Tropics (low latitudes) – Between Tropic of Cancer (23.50 N. Latitude) & Tropic of Capricorn (23.50 S. Latitude) • Polar Regions (high latitudes) – arctic circle: 66.50 North – Antarctic Circle: 66.50 South Latitude • Temperate Zone (middle latitudes) – climate varies arctic circle: 66.50 North Polar Regions Temperate Zone Tropics (low latitudes) Temperate Zone Polar Regions Antarctic Circle: 66.50 South Latitude
