Download Unit 5: The Roman World

Unit 5: The Roman
World
•Chapter 10: The Roman Republic
–Page 294-313
•Chapter 11: Rome and Christianity
–Page 319-343
Bell Work (15 minutes)
2/4-2/5
1.
Define Ch. 10-1
Terms and People
1.
Create a replica of the
map on page 295 (be
sure to label
everything you see
on the map)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Aeneas
Romulus and Remus
Republic
Dictators
Cincinnatus
Plebeians
Patricians
Chapter 10 Main Ideas
1. Rome’s location and government helped it
become a major power in the ancient
world.
2. Rome’s tripartite government and written
laws helped create a stable society.
3. The later period of the Roman Republic was
marked by wars of expansion and political
crises.
Chapter 10: The Roman World
Vocabulary
• Aeneas
• Romulus
and Remus
• Republic
• Dictators
• Cincinnatus
• Plebeians
• Patricians
• Magistrates
• Consuls
• Roman
Senate
• Veto
• Latin
• Checks and
Balances
• Forum
•
•
•
•
•
Legions
Punic Wars
Hannibal
Gaius Marius
Lucius
Cornelius
Sulla
• Spartacus
10-1: Geography and the Rise of
Rome
1.
The geography of
Italy made land travel
difficult, but helped
the Romans prosper.
2. Ancient historians
were very interested
in Rome’s legendary
history.
3. Once a monarchy,
the Romans created a
republic.
• Create a
replica of the
map of Italy
on page 295.
• Label all
waters, cities,
countries,
and
mountains
shown on the
map
Why do they call the Italian
Peninsula “The Boot?”
Main Idea 1:
The geography of Italy made land
travel difficult but helped the
Romans prosper.
• Most of Italy is covered with hills. Italians built their cities on the hills
for defense.
• Two major mountain ranges, the Alps and the Apennines, created
rugged land that was hard to cross.
• Some of Italy’s mountains were volcanic. Their eruptions could
devastate Roman towns.
• They also built cities near rivers for a source of fresh water. Rome lies
on the Tiber River.
• Rome had a mild climate that led to a plentiful food supply and the
city’s early growth.
Main Idea 2:
Ancient historians were very
interested in Rome’s legendary
history.
• Little is known about Rome’s early history because no written
records exist.
• Imagining the glorious past, people told legends, or stories.
Aeneas
The Romans believed
they could trace their
history to a great
Trojan leader named
Aeneas.
The Aeneid, an epic
poem written by Virgil,
tells about Aeneas’s
trip to Italy. After the
Greeks destroyed Troy,
he fled to Italy and
formed an alliance with
the Latins.
He became a ruler in
Italy after marrying the
daughter of the Latin
king.
Romulus and Remus
• According to legend, the founders of Rome were orphaned twin
brothers raised by wolves.
• Romulus killed Remus because he mocked one of Romulus’s ideas for
a city they were planning.
• Romulus then built the city and named it Rome after himself.
Rome’s Early Kings
• Roman records list seven kings who ruled the city, some of whom were
Etruscans.
• The Etruscans made contributions such as huge temples and Rome’s
first sewer.
• Some think that Rome learned the alphabet and numbers from the
Etruscans.
• The last Roman king was said to have been a cruel man, who had many
people killed. A group of nobles rose up against him and overthrew
him.
• The nobles no longer wanted a king, so they created a new
government.
Main Idea 3:
Once a monarchy,
the Romans created a republic.
• The Romans created a republic in 509 BC in which elected officials ran
the city.
• They protected against anyone staying in power for too long by
limiting terms to one year.
Challenges from the Outside
• During difficult wars, the
Romans chose dictators, rulers
with almost absolute power, to
lead the city.
• They could stay in power only
six months, to avoid abusing
their power.
• One of Rome’s famous dictators
was Cininnatus.
• He quickly defeated his enemies,
and returned to farming long
before his
six-month term
was up.
Challenges within Rome
Plebeians
• The plebeians, or common
people, were made up of
peasants, craftspeople, traders,
and other workers.
• They called for change in the
government to give them more
say in how things were run.
• They also formed a council and
elected their own officials.
Patricians
• The patricians held almost all
political power.
• Only patricians could be elected
to office.
• Fearing that Rome would be split
in two, they decided it was time
to change the government.
Guided Questions 10-1
20 minutes
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
Building one of the greatest civilizations, Rome conquered many territories, including ___,
____, and _____.
Like Greece, Italy is a ______ in Southern Europe. It also has two major mountain ranges
______ and _______ which made it hard for people to cross through the peninsula.
Italy was also very hilly; in fact, Rome was built on ___ hills along the ____ River.
Rome’s climate is similar to what U.S. state?
What was one key factor in Rome’s early growth?
Completely explain The Aeneid by Virgil and how Aeneas’ family became the prominent rulers
in Italy.
What is the Roman legend of the foundation of Rome?
Who was the 1st king of Rome? How many kings do Roman records list?
Who were the Etruscans?
Describe the action s of the last Roman king. This led to the creation of a new government.
What new government did the Roman nobles create in 509 BC?
Was the early republic more like a democracy or an oligarchy? Explain your answer.
What happened shortly after the Romans created the republic?
During war, the Romans chose ______ to lead the city, which could only stay in power for 6
months.
Who was Rome’s famous dictator who gained power in 458 BC? What did he do during his
reign?
In addition to their enemies, what challenges were Romans facing within their city?
How were patricians and plebeians different?
Chapter 10-1 Review
Correctly identify the following pictures with the
appropriate label
1.
2.
3.
4.
What does this
represent?
5.
dog
dog
6.
+
7.
8.
Turn-in today:
• Bell Work
– Chapter 10-1 Terms
– Replica of Italy (295)
• Chapter 10-1 Guided Questions
• Explaining through pictures activity
I should be able to answer the
essential questions now.
• How did the geography of Italy help the
Romans prosper?
• What is Rome’s legendary story?
• What type of government did the Romans
have at its creation?
Academic Vocabulary
3rd Nine Weeks
1.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Definition
Social Studies related sentence
Influence
Political System (political)
Laissez-faire
Civil
Secular
Economic
Complex
Clergy
Aspect
Legacy