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Are Substances a Problem for our Students? National admitted use, 2004, grades 8-12* • • • • • Inhalants Amphetamines Tobacco Marijuana Alcohol 6.5% 3.0% 16.73% 24.5% 55.1% *National Institute on Drug Abuse, Monitoring the Future Report, 2004 Texas substance abuse, grades 7-12* • • • • • • Inhalants Amphetamines Ecstasy Marijuana Alcohol Tobacco 17.0% 6.0% 1.8% 30.0% 68.0% 17.0% *substance Abuse Trends in Texas, June, 2005/Texas School Survey of Substance Use, 2004 Houston area substance abuse, grades 9-12* • • • • • Current cigarette Current alcohol Tried marijuana Tried cocaine Tried inhalants *CDC, Surveillance Surveys, June 28, 2002 21.8% 43.9% 40.7% 8.9% 8.7% IT IS NEVER TOO LATE TO INTERVENE • Always express an interest. • Children often imitate behaviors. • Education and communication are the keys. • Be alert to change. • Be aware of what children are doing. • Don’t assume it can’t happen. • Set aside time for family. Family Circle, “The Agony What Every Parent Must Know”. April, 2002. Do you know what illegal substances your children have access to in their daily lives? Types of Illegal Substances • • • • Controlled Substances Dangerous Drugs Alcohol Inhalants Prescription Drugs • Many school infractions today involve prescription medications • A prescription drug is any medication which requires a pharmacist to dispense to a patient or their guardian under the direction of a physician. Controlled Substances A substance, including a drug, an adulterant, and a dilutant, listed in Schedules I-V or Penalty Groups 1-1A or 2-4 as defined by the Controlled Substances Act. Controlled Substances Act, Chapter 481 Controlled Substances … Placement on a specific controlled substance schedule is based on • Existence of or lack of medical uses • Danger of physical or psychological dependence • Potential for abuse Controlled Substances … • Drug determined by DEA to have the potential for abuse • Most are legal with a Rx, for example – Prozac – Allegra • Some are illegal – Marijuana – Cocaine Dangerous Drugs A device or a drug that is unsafe for self-medication and that is not included in the Schedules I-V or Penalty Groups 1-4 of Chapter 481. Controlled Substances Act, Chapter 483 Dangerous Drugs … • Any non-scheduled drug requiring a doctor’s Rx • Low potential for abuse • Some highly toxic and possibly fatal—e.g. Lithium Some prescriptions that may be available to your children come from: • Your own medicine cabinet • Your children’s friends • Homes visited by your children For example: Antidepressant / Anti-Obsessional Prozac, Zoloft, Wellbutrin Medical uses: Depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder Possible effects: Nervousness, anxiety, insomnia, dizziness, hot flashes, decreased appetite Mood Stabilizers: Depakote, Lithium Medical Uses: Seizure disorders, bipolar Possible effects: Drowsiness, tremors, irregular heartbeat, Lithium toxicity, diarrhea Psycho-Stimulants: Ritalin, Adderall, Concerta Medical uses: ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder) ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) Possible effects: Dizziness, loss of appetite, irritability, palpitations, nervousness Antipsychotic: Risperdal, Zyprexa Medical uses: Psychosis (difficulty with thought process) Possible effects: Drowsiness, low blood pressure, restlessness, involuntary movement, rigidity of muscles *Can be fatal with one dose Anti-Anxiety: Xanax, Zanbar, Valium Medical uses: Anxiety, panic disorders Possible effects: Drowsiness, light-headedness, confusion, nervousness, racing pulse rate, low blood pressure, tremors, slurred speech, decreased respiration and pulse, addictive Pain: Valium, Hydrocodone, Vicodin Medical uses: Moderate to severe pain Possible effects: Drowsiness, sedation, nausea, mental cloudiness, addictive How Does KISD Identify Drugs • • • • • School nurse www.drugs.com Law enforcement Pharmacist PDR – Physicians Desk Reference Alcohol • Most commonly abused drug among youth • Average age people start drinking is 12.9 years • One out of 20 high school seniors drink daily Inhalants • Often first substance abused by teens • Second only to marijuana in adolescent drug use • More common among younger users • Can cause long-term damage to brain, nerve cells, heart, lungs • Can cause suffocation and death Over-the-Counter Medications • Cough suppressants such as Coricidin, Vicks, Robitussin • Pseudoephedrines • Even Tylenol • Over-the-counter medications are not on a drug schedule, but they may be abused by teens. Do you know what signs to look for if your children become involved with illegal substances? Signs to look for … • It is a challenge to tell because mood swings and unpredictable behaviors are not uncommon for teens. • Be alert for two or more of the following indicators: Watch Tips for Parents • • • Change in clothing choices/personal grooming Hostile/uncooperative attitude Less interaction At home and school • • • • Change of friends Appetite/sleep changes Change in grades Unexplained cash Possible Clues to Drug Use • • • • • • • Lighters Matches Drug drawings Empty Rx containers Cigarettes Small baggies Razorblades/small pocket knives • Pieces of foil • Faucet screens More Clues • • • • Pipes Bongs Magazines Music Popular Hiding Places (Goal is concealment with accessibility) • Mint cans • Pen cases • Socks, wallets, pockets, hats, waistline • Lipstick containers • Flashlights • Make-up kits • Battery containers Keep Your Eyes Open • • • • • • • • The bedroom The medicine cabinet The house The yard The car The neighbors Child’s friends Family Wise Up! Do you know the consequences if your children have illegal substances at school? Consequences … • There MAY be legal consequences. • There WILL be school consequences. Legal Consequences • Legal penalties are tied to schedules I-V (smaller numbers have more severe legal consequences). • Penalties for most illegal substance offenses in a school zone are enhanced to the next level—for example, a Class A misdemeanor may become a state jail felony offense. School Consequences • Each case involving illegal substances is unique and is investigated and evaluated by the administration on its own merits. • Cases are handled in accordance with KISD policy as discussed in the student handbooks. – High School, pp. 57-58, 65-99 – Intermediate, pp. 42-43, 51-86 School Consequences … Any KISD student found to have • possessed • used or • delivered any illegal substance at school or at a school activity is subject to disciplinary actions. Range of School Consequences … Possession and/or use of a controlled substance or dangerous drug – DAEP to expulsion depending on type of drug and amount possessed – DAEP length, 45 school days – Expulsion length, 90 school days *Texas Education Code, 37.006 and 37.007 Range of School Consequences … Delivery of controlled substance or dangerous drug – Expulsion – Length of expulsion, 90 school days *Texas Education Code, 37.006 and 37.007 Range of School Consequences … Marijuana offenses (possession, use, and/or delivery) – DAEP to expulsion, depending on facts of the case – DAEP length, 45 school days – Expulsion length, 90 school days *Texas Education Code, 37.006 and 37.007 Range of School Consequences … Alcohol offenses (possession, use, and/or delivery) – DAEP to expulsion, depending on facts of the case – DAEP length • 1st offense 30 school days • 2nd & subsequent offenses 45 school days – In grades 6-12 – Expulsion length 90 school days *Texas Education Code, 37.006 and 37.007 Wise Up! Do you know what is considered a weapon and not allowed at school? Examples of Weapons • Firearms • Club • Starter Guns • Brass Knuckles • Knives • Switchblade Knife • Razors • Any article capable of inflicting serious bodily injury • Chemical weapons such as Mace • Explosive Devices Stars Knives Mace Key chain knife Razor Firearm Explosive Device Club Kitchen Knife Switchblade Knife Knuckles Wise Up! Do you know the consequences if your children have weapons at school? Consequences • There MAY be legal consequences. • There WILL be school consequences. Legal Consequences A person commits an offense if the person intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly possesses or goes with a firearm, illegal knife, club, or prohibited weapon on the physical premises of a school, grounds or building on which school activity is conducted, or a public or private school transportation vehicle. Chapter 46.01 of the Penal Code Legal Consequences… Penalties for weapon offenses may range from a misdemeanor charge to a felony charge. School Consequences • Each case involving a weapon is unique and is investigated and evaluated by the administration on its own merits. • Cases are handled in accordance with KISD policy as noted in the student handbooks. -High School, p. 53, pp. 67-102 -Intermediate School, pp. 39-40, pp. 51-86 School Consequences… Any KISD student found to possess a weapon as defined in the student code of conduct or any similar article capable of inflicting serious bodily injury is subject to disciplinary action. Range of Consequences Possession or use of a weapon may result in suspension, annex placement, or expulsion – Length of annex placement – 30 school days – Length of expulsion – 90 school days *Texas Education Code, 37.006 and 37.007 Range of Consequences… • Possession or use of an illegal knife, club, or prohibited weapon – Mandatory expulsion – Length of expulsion – 90 school days • Possession or use of a firearm – Mandatory expulsion – Length of expulsion – minimum of one calendar year *Texas Education Code, 37.007 IT IS NEVER TOO LATE TO INTERVENE • Always express an interest. • Children often imitate behaviors. • Education and communication are the keys. • Be alert to change. • Be aware of what children are doing. • Don’t assume it can’t happen. • Set aside time for family. Family Circle, “The Agony What Every Parent Must Know”. April, 2002. KISD Elementary Interventions • K-5 Second Step Program • Elementary guidance lessons on drug awareness, character education, and social skills • Grade 5 Dare Program • Elementary mentoring programs • Red Ribbon Week • DAVE (Drug and Violence Education) resources for teachers Secondary KISD Interventions • • • • • • Grade 6 Refusal Skills Program Grade 7 Dare Program Red Ribbon Week activities Intermediate Leadership Conference Human-canine team inspections Drug prevention taught in health, PE, homemaking and science curricula • DAVE (Drug and Violence Education) resources for teachers Web Information • www.drugs.com • www.nida.nih.gov (Nat’l Institute on Drug Abuse) • www.health.org • www.teens.drugabuse.gov • www.theantidrug.com (National Youth AntiDrug Media Campaign) HELP • 1-800-662-HELP • Alcoholics Anonymous 713-686-6300 • Houston Council on Alcoholism and Drug Abuse 281-866-7557 • Houston Northwest Rehab 281-353-833 • Palmer Drug Abuse Program 281-528-7908 • The Right Step 281-528-3709 Contact your school counselor or CYS worker for further information. INTERVENTION SAVES LIVES Acknowledgements • • • • • • • • • • Russell Falyden, Assistant Principal, Katy High School Randy Kirk, Principal, Klein Collins High School Marc Smith, Principal, Klein Intermediate School Guadalupe Rocha, Chief, KISD Police Department Val Luedeker, Counselor, Doerre Intermediate School Lori Cook, CYS Counselor, Klein Collins High School Jeannie Connors, Counselor Coordinator, KISD Sandy Smith, Nurse Coordinator, KISD Mindy Spurlock, School Administration, KISD Doug Thomas, School Administration, KISD