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U.S. HISTORY Goal -6 Review Content issues: Senator Alfred T. Mahan - Imperialist U.S. Imperialism Creating a Powerful Navy Content Issues: U.S. Imperialism Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine Roosevelt Big Stick policy in Latin Amer. Desire for naval Power Alfred T. Mahan Create new markets for U.S. trade Belief social Darwinism Survival of the fittest An Opportunity for Expansion/Imperialism Cuba, only ninety miles off the coast of the United States, presented American imperialist with chance to end America’s isolation and assert its power in world affairs. Cuban rebels first began to agitate for their independence. In the 1870s a prolonged uprising took place against the Spanish; and in 1895, Spanish American War began. In the United States, citizens sympathetic to the Cuban rebels were calling for war against Spain. Sensational stories such as this appeared in the American express leading to "Yellow Press" Content Issues: Desire for new markets U.S. involvement Spain sunk USS Maine U.S. acquired Philippines and Hawaii U.S. Control of western hemisphere Platt Amendment control of Cuba Content Issue: U.S. wanted access to China to create a favorable trade balance among industrial nations in 1910. Content Issues: Yellow Journalism Yellow journalism involved sensationalism, distorted stories, and misleading images for the sole purpose of boosting newspaper sales and exciting public opinion. It was particularly indicative of two papers founded and popularized in the late 19th century- The New York World, run by Joseph Pulitzer and The New York Journal, run by William Randolph Hearst. Content Issues: William Howard Taft Dollar Diplomacy Newly acquired U.S. territories used to create a profit Increase the trade balance in favor of the U.S. Content Issues: After Spanish American War Cuba is an Independent country Platt Amendment gives U.S. political control over Cuba Content Issues: The use of Hawaii as Naval station for U.S. Content Issues: Josiah Strong To spread western civilization and Christian ideas and the belief of Anglo-Saxon superiority U.S. Mercantilist policy supported imperialism Frederick Jackson Turner's frontier thesis is the notion that the development of the American frontier helped to shape not only the character of the American people but also the nature of its institutions. Turner, claimed that traits and characteristics which developed during the Nineteenth-Century push from East to West individualism, nationalism, mobility, egalitarianism (social Justice) came to dominate the formation of the American character. His ideas led to American imperialism abroad. Teddy Roosevelt began to revitalize the navy. Now that America's empire stretched from the Caribbean across the Pacific, the old idea of a canal between the two oceans took on new urgency. Alfred T. Mahan predicted that "the canal will become a military strategic center of vital importance. "The canal," Roosevelt said, "was by far the most important action I took in foreign affairs during the time I was President.” Treaty of Paris - President William McKinley insisted that Spain cede sovereignty to the United States of Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines in exchange Spain received $20 million. The treaty gave the United States temporary control over Cuba the Teller Amendment when it declared war) and actual possession of Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. Spain received $20 million. A Splendid Little War: the navy, however, needed little preparation. The Pacific fleet was visiting Hong Kong when the news of war arrived. Commodore George Dewey quickly provisioned his ships and set off to attack the Spanish colony in the Philippine Islands. U.S. policy with respect to China in the late 19th century intended to ensure that China would not be divided among the European nations and Japan and to ensure free access to China for U.S. political and business interests. Statement of U.S. foreign policy toward China. Issued by U.S. secretary of state John Hay (1899), the statement reaffirmed the principle that all countries should have equal access to any Chinese port open to trade.
