Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Electrocardiography wikipedia , lookup
Management of acute coronary syndrome wikipedia , lookup
Heart failure wikipedia , lookup
Coronary artery disease wikipedia , lookup
Artificial heart valve wikipedia , lookup
Quantium Medical Cardiac Output wikipedia , lookup
Jatene procedure wikipedia , lookup
Antihypertensive drug wikipedia , lookup
Myocardial infarction wikipedia , lookup
Heart arrhythmia wikipedia , lookup
Lutembacher's syndrome wikipedia , lookup
Dextro-Transposition of the great arteries wikipedia , lookup
THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT THE HEART? ANYTHING YOU ARE CURIOUS ABOUT? Quick Vid of Heart Animation The heart and circulatory system (also called the cardiovascular system) make up the network that delivers blood to the body's tissues. With each heartbeat, blood is sent throughout our bodies, carrying oxygen and nutrients to all of our cells. Remember that a tissue is an ensemble of cells, not necessarily identical, but from the same origin, that together carry out a specific function. Organs are then formed by the functional grouping together of multiple tissues. Every day, the approximately 5 liters of blood in your body travel many times through about 96,560 kilometers of blood vessels that branch and cross, linking the cells of our organs and body parts. From the hard-working heart, to our thickest arteries, to capillaries so thin that they can only be seen through a microscope, the cardiovascular system is our body's lifeline Read page 90-91 in the text book. Copy the diagram from page 89 into your notebook. Complete question 3 and 4 on page 89. THE HEART The heart is the key organ in the circulatory system. As a hollow, muscular pump, its main function is to propel blood throughout the body. It usually beats from 60 to 100 times per minute, but can go much faster when it needs to. It beats about 100,000 times a day, more than 30 million times per year, and about 2.5 billion times in a 70-year lifetime. THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Your heart is a muscle that sends blood around your body, providing oxygen and nutrients. It also carries away waste. Your heart is like two pumps. The right hand side receives blood from the body and pumps it to the lungs where it deposits the carbon dioxide. The left hand side receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it out to the body. Your heart is made up of 4 blood filled chambers. There are two chambers on each side of the heart. One chamber is on the top and one on the bottom. The two chambers on the top are called the atria. There is a left and a right one. The atria fill with blood returning to the heart from the body and lungs. The two chambers at the bottom are called the ventricles. There is a left and a right ventricle. Their job is to pump out the blood to the body and lungs. Running down the middle of the heart is a thick wall of muscle called the septum. It separates the left and right side of the heart. THE HEART Photo gallery MINI-EXPERIMENT Question: How many beats per minute do you think your heart would beat if you were sitting, walking or running? Hypothesis: Sitting: ___ beats per minute Walking: ___ beats per minute Running: ____ beats per minute Conclusion: How close were your predictions? What was your actual beats per minute for each activity? What did you notice? Your heart pumping THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM 1. 2. 3. 4. Please read the handout on the circulatory system. Please draw, colour and label a sketch of a heart – needs to be at least half a page. Answer the following questions: What is your heart made out of? What does the left hand side of your heart do? What does the right hand side of your heart do? What does the word “circulatory” mean? The atria and the ventricles work as a team. The atria fill with blood then dump it into the ventricles. The ventricles squeeze, pumping blood out of the heart. While the ventricles are squeezing, the atria refill and get ready for the next contraction. Your blood knows where to go thanks to 4 special valves inside the heart. A valve lets something in and keeps it there by closing. Two of the heart valves are called the mitral and the tricuspid. They let blood flow from the atria to the ventricles. The other two valves are called the aortic and the pulmonary. They are in charge of controlling the flow of the blood leaving the heart. The valves all work to keep the blood flowing forward. Your blood moves through many tubes in your body once it leaves your heart. Blood vessels are made up of many tubes called veins and arteries that are attached to the heart. The blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called arteries. The blood vessels that carry blood to the heart are called veins. A network of tiny capillaries connects the arteries and veins. Even though they're tiny, the capillaries are one of the most important parts of the circulatory system because it is through them that nutrients and oxygen are delivered to the cells. In addition, waste products such as carbon dioxide are also removed by the capillaries. DID YOU EVER WONDER ABOUT THE PROCESS BEHIND YOUR BEATING HEART? A healthy heart makes a "lub-dub" sound with each beat. Here's what happens to make that sound: One complete heartbeat makes up a cardiac cycle, which consists of two phases. In the first phase, the ventricles contract (this is called systole) sending blood into the pulmonary and systemic circulation. To prevent the flow of blood backwards into the atria during systole, the atrioventricular valves close, creating the first ("lub") sound. When the ventricles finish contracting, the aortic and pulmonic valves close to prevent blood from flowing back into the ventricles. This is what creates the second sound (the "dub"). Then the ventricles relax (this is called diastole) and fill with blood from the atria, which makes up the second phase of the cardiac cycle. The movement of blood through your heart and body is called circulation. Your heart is very efficient – it takes less than 60 seconds to pump blood to every cell in your body. All of your cells need oxygen and would die without a steady supply of oxygenated blood . Each time the blood circulates from the heart out to the body, about 1/5 or 20% of it goes through the kidneys. The kidneys filter out some of the waste from the blood before it heads back to the heart. WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW Review For Quiz: Be able to explain how your heart pumps blood. What the kidneys do. Define the following terms: Atria Valve Vein Ventricle Artery Septum