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New Unit!! There are four columns : What I Know What I Want to Learn How I Will Learn More What I Have Learned Complete the first three columns now. Hand it in! Groups of organs with specific structures and functions work together as systems, which interact with other systems in the body. The development and uses of technology to maintain human health are based, in part, on the changing needs of society. With a partner, you will be attempting to match up the organ system with its respective major organs and major functions. Cut out the rectangles and arrange them on the piece of construction paper so that organ systems, major organs, and major functions are grouped together Once you are as sure as you’re going to be about all your matches being correct, glue them all down to the piece of construction paper!! We will then take this up as a class. Organ system Major organs Major functions Integumentary Skin, hair, nails, glands Covers and protects body, glands help control body temperature Skeletal Bones, cartilage Supports and protects body, allows movement Muscular Skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle, tendons, ligaments Provides movement Digestive Mouth, esophagus, stomach, pancreas, gall bladder, liver, intestines, rectum Ingestion, digestion, absorption of nutrients, elimination of solid wastes Respiratory Nose, mouth, trachea, lungs, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, diaphragm Exchange of gases Circulatory Heart, blood vessels, blood Transportation of materials (oxygen, wastes, nutrients) Nervous Brain, nerves, spinal cord Controls and coordinates body functions Endocrine Pituitary gland, pancreas, ovaries, testes Controls growth, development, and metabolism Excretory Skin, kidney, bladder, ureter, urethra Elimination of wastes Reproductive Ovaries, fallopian tubes, vagina, vas deferens, penis Reproduction Lymphatic White blood cells, thymus, spleen, lymph nodes Protects body from disease, circulates lymph fluid, absorbs and Who got at least 5 out of 22 correct? Who got at least 10 out of 22 correct? Who got at least 15 out of 22 correct? Who has never seen this before???? Even if you’ve never seen it before, don’t worry about it – it’s the change in the curriculum that’s done it!! We will be focussing on the Digestive, Respiratory, and Circulatory Systems in this unit – that’s it!! It’s going to be wonderful In the last unit (biodiversity if you’ve already forgotten), we looked at different kingdoms, and more specifically, the phylums of kingdom Animalia We saw that in the simpler phylum of Porifera, those organisms did not have specialized structures and tissues, unlike in later phylums, such as Chordata In this unit, we will explore how groups of organs with specific structures and functions work together as systems, which interact with other systems of the body Organism Organ System Organ Tissue Cell Molecule Atom ORGAN SYSTEM This is a group of different organs that work together to perform a common task ORGAN This is a group of tissues that work together to perform a common task TISSUE This is a group of cells that work together to perform a common task What is the Digestive System? The digestive system is a long, muscular tube The inner surface of this tube is called the lumen and it is continuous with the outside of the body The entire system is approximately 9m in length and is usually a one way tract Why do we need a digestive system? Our body cannot readily use food in the form it comes in – some foods are too large and not water soluble The digestive system breaks down the food we eat into small pieces that can be metabolized by individual cells in our body GLUCOSE + 6H2O 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36ATP ATP is the form of energy out body can use to perform everyday functions We must eat food that contain nutrients (carbs, lipids, proteins, vitamins, minerals, H2O) in order for our body to function and provide us with the energy we need We need to break down those large molecules into smaller ones so that they may be used by cells (ex: nutrients) There are four stages: 1. Ingestion: taking in food 2. Digestion: breaking down of food by enzymes 1. Mechanical 2. Chemical 3. Absorption: nutrients enter our blood stream through the small intestines to our body’s cells 4. Egestion: discharging of wastes Through the alimentary canal “tube-within-a-tube” This tract allows digestive processes to be separated into different regions, the regions being: Mouth Pharynx Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Large intestine Rectum Anus Anyone remember where we’ve seen enzymes before? Enzymes are proteins that breakdown complex molecules They have an optimum pH and temperature Humans: 37ºC pH levels Pepsin in stomach has an optimum pH 2-3 Amylase in mouth has an optimum pH 7 Trypsin in small intestine has an optimum pH 9-10 Digestion Overview: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I-yu6WSdpVQ The Digestive System...and YOU! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cWhLXdopQYo&feature= related
