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Respiratory System
Inhaling and Exhaling
• Inhaling and Exhaling
Video Clip from Adam
Human Respiratory System
First: Mouth and Nose
• Air, containing the oxygen our bodies
need, is inhaled through the mouth
and the nose.
• The mucus membranes in our
mouth and nose warm and moisten
the air, as well as trap particles of
foreign matter.
Epiglottis
• This little flap
makes sure none
of your food gets
into your lungs.
That's why you
can't swallow
and breathe at
the same time!
Cilia
Little hairs called cilia act like tiny brooms to
push the dirty mucus out of your lungs
and into your throat.
*Lung Cilia animation
**Smokers Cilia
Lungs and Gas Exchange
• Lungs and Gas
Exchange
• Our lungs bring
fresh oxygen into
our bodies and
remove carbon
dioxide and other
gaseous waste
products.
Diaphragm
• As we breathe air
in, we use the
muscles of our rib
cage and
especially the
major muscle
called the
diaphragm to pull
air into our lungs.
Lung Models
How Diaphragm Works
• As the diaphragm is pulled down, the
volume of the cavity increases. This
causes the pressure to fall. Air rushes in to
equalize the pressure causing the balloons
to inflate.
• As the diaphragm is pushed up, the
volume of the cavity decreases, the
pressure rises, and the air rushes out of
the balloons causing them to deflate.
Trachea
• The air passes through
the throat into the
trachea or windpipe.
Very hard tough rings are
around it.
• Feel the front of your
neck. Can you feel your
trachea?
Bronchi
• The trachea
divides into the left
and right bronchi.
• Each bronchus
divides again and
again, becoming
narrower and
narrower.
Alveoli
The smallest airways end in the
alveoli, small, thin air sacs that are
arranged in clusters like bunches of
balloons.
Alveoli
• -breathe in by enlarging the chest cage,
• the "ballons" expand as air rushes in to fill
the vacuum.
• -breathe out, the "balloons" relax and air
moves out of the lungs.
• Gas Exchange Video - Adam
Alveoli
Tiny blood vessels surround
each of the 300 million alveoli
in the lungs.
O2 and CO2 Exchanges
Comparing Breathing Organs
Oxygen in Water flows over gills
Insect Breathing
Air Sacs in Birds
Mammals