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Aztecs, Incas, and Mayas By Samantha Imrich Standards • • • • • • The three major pre-Columbian civilizations that existed in Central and South America are the Maya, Aztec, and Incas. their political structures, religious practices, and use of slaves. 5.4 Explain why the Aztec and Inca civilizations declined in the 16th century. A. the encounters between Cortez and Montezuma B. the encounters between Pizarro and the Incas C. the goals of the Spanish conquistadors D. the effects of European diseases, particularly smallpox, throughout the Western hemisphere Aztecs • They used other tribes as slaves and human sacrifices to the many gods they believed in. • The capital of their civilization was Tenochtitlan. It was built in the middle of a lake surrounded by mountains which made it harder to find and conquer. • The Aztec civilization was brought down by a disease called Small Pox. wku.edu Mayas • The Maya civilization was on a part of the Mexican coast called the Yucatan Peninsula. • Because the Maya civilization was not just one major city it was much harder for conquistadors to overthrow the Mayas. • The Mayas had slaves that sometimes could gain their freedom. all-about-guatemala.com Incas • The Inca civilization was on the Andes mountains in Peru . Also it was in south America • The capital of the Inca civilization was Cuzco • They are polytheistic witch means they believe in many gods. theshorterword.com Cortez • He traveled with 500 men and 16 horses to conquer the Aztec people in their capital of Tenochtitlan in 1519 • The Aztecs thought that he was a pale skinned god called Quetzalcoatl and that their horses were beasts knuckleheadhumor.com Pizarro • • • • He traveled with 180 men and 27 horses into Peru to conquer the Inca civilization He kidnapped Atahualpa and demanded that a room be filled with gold and silver as a ransom to return Atahualpa He was a conquistador witch is someone who conquers or takes over by force. Atahualpa was the Inca’s leader. rauman.wikispaces.com How have Central and South America changed forever by the conquistadors? • A lot of Aztec, Inca, and Maya culture and traditions have disappeared forever because Spanish conquistadors and explorers killed a lot of people that knew and followed the traditions of Aztecs, Mayas, and Incas. Artifacts thecityreview.com