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Chapter 15 ; By: Arlette & Jennifer Section 1; The Call To Arms Border State- slave states that did not secede Neutral- not favoring either side Martial Law- law in which military is in charge citizens’ rights are suspended Blockade- military action to prevent traffic from coming into an area or leaving it Important People ; Robert E. Lee- experienced military Confederate general. Abraham Lincoln- President of the Union. Irvin McDowell- Union general ; took too long to prepare his army and ended up losing the Battle of Bull Run against Thomas Jackson. Thomas Jackson- Confederate general who was known as ‘’stonewall’’ for standing firm at the Battle of Bull Run with his Virginians. Important Battles; Bull Run- first battle of the Civil War. Confederate victory , General McDowell against General Jackson. Section 2; Early Years of the War Ironclad- warships covered with protective iron plates George McClellan- replaced General McDowell after the battle of Bull Run. Was a very organized and cautious general. Casualty- the military term for persons killed, wounded, or missing in action. Ulysses S. Grant- led the most successful of those armies, he was very different from McClellan . Important People; George McClellan- was a Union General who replaced McDowell. His troops attacked Antietam Creek. Ulysses S. Grant- Union General. Led the most successful of those armies, he was very different from McClellan . Important Battles; Antietam Creek- bloodiest day of the Civil War McClellan’s troops attack Lee’s army . Was an unsure victory, but since Lee had ordered a retreat the north claimed victory. Shiloh- bloodiest engagement of the Civil War. Union victory, they controlled the entire Mississippi Valley by General Grant. Section 3; The Emancipation Proclamation Emancipate - free Horace Greeley- abolitionist newspaper publisher Important People; Horace Greeley- abolitionist newspaper publisher, who was given a letter by Lincoln to be published. Section 4; The Civil War and American Life Habeas Corpus- constitutional protection against unlawful imprisonment Draft- a system of required military service Income Tax- a tax on the money people receive Inflation- general rise in prices Important People; Elizabeth Blackwell- America’s first female physician who trained nurses for the union army. Dorothea Dix- head of the union army nurses Clara Barton- union nurse who went out into the battlefield to care for the wounded soldiers known as ‘’angel of the battlefield’’. Section 5; Decisive Battles Siege- an attempt to capture a place by surrounding it with military forces and cutting it off until the people inside surrender. William Tecumseh- union general Total War- all out attacks aimed at destroying an enemy’s army , it’s resources , and it’s people’s will to fight. Important People; William Tecumseh Sherman- union general who advanced toward Atlanta, tough soldier who believed in total war. George Meade-union general who led the battle of Gettysburg George Pickett- confederate general Robert E. Lee Ulysses S. Grant Important Battles; Gettysburg- union victory, General Pickett against General Meade, turning point of the war. Vicksburg- union victory, General Grant against General Lee. Grant seiged the city, union guns bombarded Vicksburg after 6 weeks confederate troops gave.