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Manassas or the Battle of Bull Run I. Forcing the South Back A. Lt. General Winfield Scott General in chief Advise the president Worry about the capital A difficult task A long and brilliant career Good leader and innovative Ran for president in 1852 An imposing man Not the same in 1861 Still had a good mind A long range plan Move down the Mississippi Divide the Confederacy into two parts Conceal the Confederate coast If this was not enough A major invasion Called the Anaconda Plan in the press The Confederates read about it Time would be a necessary element Take some time to put this together B. On to Richmond The drum beat began Move on to the Confederate Capital Scott thought it would take time Proper preparation Early in the conflict Lincoln thought the Union could move II. First Manassas A. Two Names North (terrain features) Bull Run Creek South (nearest town) Manassas Junction B. The Forces Irvin McDowell (35,000) Never commanded men in the field Taught tactics at West Point Good at the table General Robert Patterson (18,000) A veteran of the War of 1812 P.G.T. Beauregard (20,000) Staff officer Joseph E. Johnston (12,000) C. The Plans Confederate rail link provided a connection McDowell A good plan Too complicated Avoid a direct attack Beauregard Avoid a direct attack McDowell Marched from Washington, DC III. Union Victory A. The Union Moved Went well Promised victory Thomas Stonewall Jackson Slowed down Henry House Hill Waged for two hours Joseph Johnston’s troops “Rebel yell” Turned the battle B. Retreat Rout Hampered by civilians Federal Army Reached the Washington defenses Washington, DC was not in jeopardy C. Representative of Several Civil War Battles Avoid the frontal attack Side with interior lines Army was driven from the field Make a stand D. Results Casualties Not high 1500 killed and wounded (Union) 2000 killed and wounded (CSA) Seemed like a ghastly bloodletting at the time Morale soared in the South In the North Mixed reactions “First Manassas Syndrome” Clear that it was not going to be a one battle affair