* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download File - Mr. Jackson - 8th Grade United States History
Battle of Seven Pines wikipedia , lookup
Confederate States of America wikipedia , lookup
Texas in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Battle of New Bern wikipedia , lookup
Secession in the United States wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Appomattox Station wikipedia , lookup
East Tennessee bridge burnings wikipedia , lookup
Freedmen's Colony of Roanoke Island wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Fort Pillow wikipedia , lookup
First Battle of Bull Run wikipedia , lookup
Baltimore riot of 1861 wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Lewis's Farm wikipedia , lookup
Economy of the Confederate States of America wikipedia , lookup
Capture of New Orleans wikipedia , lookup
Anaconda Plan wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Namozine Church wikipedia , lookup
Tennessee in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Hampton Roads Conference wikipedia , lookup
Lost Cause of the Confederacy wikipedia , lookup
Georgia in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Confederate privateer wikipedia , lookup
Opposition to the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Carpetbagger wikipedia , lookup
Radical Republican wikipedia , lookup
Virginia in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Reconstruction era wikipedia , lookup
Alabama in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Conclusion of the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
United States presidential election, 1860 wikipedia , lookup
South Carolina in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
United Kingdom and the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Military history of African Americans in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Border states (American Civil War) wikipedia , lookup
Union (American Civil War) wikipedia , lookup
Commemoration of the American Civil War on postage stamps wikipedia , lookup
Mississippi in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
The struggle to maintain a balance of power was at the heart of the Civil War. The effects of Reconstruction left unresolved the issue of true equality. In the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution, people had to compromise to form “a more perfect union”. However, unresolved issues would divide the U.S. and foretell stormy times. Imagine the wind blowing across the prairies and through your hair. When the winds are calm, you can barely notice them; however, when the winds become more furious, great damage may occur. The Civil War can be imagined as a tornado. Founding Father, James Madison stated: “It seemed now to be pretty well understood that the real difference of interests lay not between the large and the small but between the Northern and the Southern states.” The events that caused the Civil War continued to accelerate resulting in the nation’s bloodiest war, a war of brothers against brothers that changed the face of the United States. Industrial North Agricultural South Each section (North and South) had different lifestyles and needs. The struggle to maintain the balance of power became more difficult. The following events fed the growing storm. • Missouri Compromise • Compromise of 1820 1850 • Kansas-Nebraska Act - “Bleeding Kansas”• Dred Scott Decision - 1854 1857 • John Brown’s Raid on Harper’s Ferry, Virginia - 1859 • Lincoln elected the first Republican president - 1860 Politicians like Henry Clay, John C. Calhoun and Daniel Webster struggled to maintain a balance of power through compromises. However, differences finally erupted into a violent storm. If The Lincoln got elected,South The balance Election needed of 1860 to Carolina secede. caused maintainthreatened great peaceconcern. was to strained The winds beyond beganrepair. to blow. The two ways of life forced the nation apart, and neither side would compromise. After the election of 1860, the South used the Tenth Amendment, (states’ rights) to justify secession. On February 18, eleven Southern states, formed the Confederate States of America. The CSA capitol was established in Richmond, Virginia. Jefferson Davis was elected president. The United States of America (Union) Often referred to as the Yanks, the North had many nicknames. Billy Yank, the Blue, and the Federals were popular during the war. Notice the huge gap! The South is gone. The Confederate States of America (CSA) Nicknames for the South included Rebels and Johnny Reb. On April 12,1861, Ft. Sumter, in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina was attacked. It was a “bloodless opening to the bloodiest war in American history”. The winds of war howled and the U.S. Civil War began. People from every walk of life were faced with the choice... North or South. Some families were split with sons on both sides. V. Many battles were fought with death and destruction on both sides. The winds of war whipped across the nation. The land, the hearts and soul of the nation were ripped apart. The Burning of Atlanta On January 1, 1863, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, a formal order declaring slaves in Confederate states to be free. “The time came when I felt that slavery must die so that the nation might live.” The winds changed in the summer of 1863 when about 90,000 Union troops met 75,000 Confederate troops near Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. Confederate leader George Pickett led 15,000 soldiers in a charge, but they were met with Union gunners. The Union won at Gettysburg, but the losses were staggering. Gettysburg is considered the turning point in the Civil War. From this point on, Lee would never invade the North again. On July 4, 1863, the very same day the Union won at Gettysburg, the southern port of Vicksburg, Mississippi fell to Grant. This victory accomplished a Union strategy- another turning point - control of the Mississippi River. The struggle for power ended on April 9, 1865, at Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia. Union General U.S. Grant accepted a surrender from Confederate General Robert E. Lee to end the war. The McClean house, Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia The process of rebuilding the nation was called Reconstruction. Lincoln’s goal was to unite the nation. His Ten Percent Plan was considered lenient. The plan included the following: • former Confederates had to take an oath to support the Constitution, and the 13th amendment (abolishing slavery in the U.S.) • when 10% of a state’s voters took the oath, that state could reenter the Union. Lincoln never saw his plan implemented. On April 14, 1865, he was assassinated at Ford’s Theater in Washington D.C. Andrew Johnson became president and his goal was to keep a similar Reconstruction plan to Lincoln’s. Congressional Radical Republicans were opposed to a lenient reconstruction plan. These Radicals wanted to punish the South for the war. Radical Republicans had their own plan for Reconstruction. The Reconstruction Act of 1867: •divided the South into 5 military districts •new Southern constitutions had to be written •guaranteed freedmen (former slaves) citizenship •guaranteed freedman voting rights 13th Amendment- freed all slaves 14th Amendment- defined citizenship and extended it to blacks 15th Amendment-gave black men the right to vote It was difficult for Southerners to accept the freedmen as equals. Many southern states passed laws to deny the freedmen their civil rights. The effects of Reconstruction left unresolved the issue of true equality. Americans continue to try to achieve true equality. The struggle to maintain a balance of power was at the heart of the Civil War. The effects of Reconstruction left unresolved the issue of true equality.