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US History EOC Review
Civil War and Reconstruction
Understand the causes, course, and consequences of the Civil
War and Reconstruction and its effects on the American people.
Which statement is best supported by the data in the table?
A. the Confederate troops lost the Civil War as a result of their higher
numbers of injuries and fatalities
B. the Union army had better generals during the Civil War
C. the Civil War had more casualties than any other war
D. more soldiers died from disease than from wounds
One way that “Bleeding Kansas,” the Dred Scott decision,
and John Brown’s raid on Harper’s Ferry had a similar
effect on the United States was that these events
A. ended conflict over slavery in the territories
B. eased tensions between the North and the South
C. contributed to the formation of the Whig party
D. made sectional compromise more difficult
The Civil War affected the northern economy by
A.
B.
C.
D.
causing a severe depression
increasing unemployment rates
decreasing demand for agricultural products
stimulating industrialization
As the Civil War began, President Lincoln stated that his
primary goal was to
A.
B.
C.
D.
end slavery
set new national boundaries
increase congressional powers
preserve the Union
The Missouri Compromise (1820), the Compromise of 1850,
and the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) were all efforts to
A. end fighting between Midwestern farmers and Native
American Indians
B. encourage manufacturing in the West
C. increase the number of people who voted in presidential
elections
D. settle disputes over the spread of slavery to the western
territories
Many Southern states tried to limit the effects of Radical
Reconstruction by
A.
B.
C.
D.
adopting federal laws mandating segregation
enacting Jim Crow laws
abolishing the Southern sharecropping system
securing passage of new amendments to the US
Constitution
Which term refers to the idea that settlers had the right to
decide whether slavery would be legal in their territory?
A.
B.
C.
D.
nullification
sectionalism
popular sovereignty
southern secession
In the 1850s, why did many runaway slaves go to Canada?
A.
B.
C.
D.
they feared being drafted into the Northern army
the Fugitive Slave Act kept them at risk in the US
more factory jobs were available in Canada
Northern abolitionists refused to help fugitive slaves
What was a common purpose of the three amendments
added to the United States Constitution between 1865 and
1870?
A. extending suffrage to Southern women
B. reforming the sharecropping system
C. granting rights to African Americans
D. protecting rights of Southerners accused of treason
The Radical Republicans in Congress opposed President
Abraham Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction because
Lincoln
A. called for the imprisonment of most Confederate
leaders
B. rejected the idea of harsh punishments for the South
C. planned to keep Northern troops in the South after the
war
D. demanded immediate civil and political rights for
formerly enslaved persons
Which action marked the end of Reconstruction in the
United States?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ratification of the 14th amendment
withdrawal of federal troops from the South
creation of the Freedmen’s Bureau
impeachment of President Andrew Johnson
Constitutional amendments adopted during Reconstruction
were intended to
A.
B.
C.
D.
provide legal and political rights for African Americans
end property and religious qualifications for voting
correct problems with the electoral college system
limit the number of terms of the president
In the ten years following the Civil War, a large number of
former slaves earned a living by becoming
A.
B.
C.
D.
conductors on the Underground Railroad
workers in Northern factories
sharecroppers on Southern farms
gold miners in California
Which situation was the most immediate result of Abraham
Lincoln’s election of the presidency in 1860?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Kansas and Nebraska joined the Union as free states
a constitutional amendment was adopted to end slavery
Missouri entered the Union as a slave state
several southern states seceded from the Union
What was the primary goal of President Lincoln’s post-Civil
policy?
A.
B.
C.
D.
establishing military districts in the South
extending land ownership to African American men
restoring Southern representation in Congress
arresting military leaders of the Confederacy
The data shown in the graphs best support the conclusion that the
North
A.
B.
C.
D.
was better prepared economically to fight the Civil War
lagged behind the South in bank deposits
produced more agricultural products than the South
lacked several important resources to fight the war
The South won many battled and the Civil War lasted four years. These
two facts support the conclusion that
A.
B.
C.
D.
the Underground Railroad was important to the Southern cause
factors other than those shown in the graphs were important
the North was more dependent on foreign aid than the South
personal wealth was a key factor in determining the outcome of the
war
What is the main idea of this cartoon
from the Reconstruction era?
A. Southern society was oppressed
by Radical Republican policies
B. military force was necessary to
stop Southern secession
C. United States soldiers forced
women in the South to work in
factories
D. sharecropping was an economic
burden for women after the Civil
War
Which congressional action led to
the Southern viewpoint expressed in
this cartoon?
A. passage of the Homestead Act
B. strengthening of the Fugitive
Slave Laws
C. military occupation of the
former Confederate states
D. ending the Freedmen’s Bureau
What is the most accurate title for this map?
A. Closing the Frontier
B. Results of Reconstruction
C. A Nation Divided
D. Compromise of 1850
The Supreme Court ruling in Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857)
helped to increase sectional conflict because the decision
A. denied Congress the power to regulate slavery in the
territories
B. allowed for the importation of enslaved persons for ten
years
C. prohibited slavery in lands west of the Mississippi River
D. gave full citizenship to all enslaved persons
The Reconstruction plans of President Lincoln and
President Johnson included a provision for the
A. resumption of full participation in Congress by southern
states
B. long-term military occupation of the Confederacy
C. payment of war reparations by Southern states
D. harsh punishment of former Confederate officials
The most direct effect of poll taxes and literacy tests on
African Americans was to
A.
B.
C.
D.
prevent them from voting
limit their access to public facilities
block their educational opportunities
deny them economic advancements
Following Reconstruction, the passage of Jim Crow laws in
the South limited the effectiveness of
A.
B.
C.
D.
the 14th and 15th amendments
the Freedmen’s Bureau
Black Codes
tenant farming and sharecropping
Literacy tests and poll taxes were often used to
A. enforce constitutional amendments added after the
Civil War
B. limit voter participation by African Americans
C. promote equal educational opportunities for minority
persons
D. provide job training for freedmen
During the Reconstruction Era (1865-1877), the 15th
amendment was adopted to grant African Americans
A.
B.
C.
D.
educational opportunities
economic equality
freedom of speech
voting rights
Abolitionists in the pre-Civil War period were most likely to
support the
A.
B.
C.
D.
removal of the Cherokee Indians from Georgia
passage of the Fugitive Slave Act
activities of the Underground Railroad
use of popular sovereignty in the territories
The institution of slavery was formally abolished in the
United States by the
A.
B.
C.
D.
Compromise of 1850
Emancipation Proclamation of 1863
creation of the Freedmen’s Bureau in 1865
ratification of the 13th Amendment in 1865