Download Schubert

Do you think
it was the Machaut?
I. Romanticism: Intellectual & Social Context
A. The Romantic Period: Chronology
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1827/1828 to ca. 1900
B. Wright Reading (Romantic Preoccupations = Symptoms)
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Preoccupation with Love & Romance
Infatuation with Nature
Artist seen as demi-god or Prophet
Concert hall as Sacred Space
C. The Romantic Expressive Ideal
• Classicism:order, balance, proportion,
UNIVERSAL VALUED
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Romanticism: emotional, inspired, unique
UNIQUE VALUED
Beethoven’s Pastoral Symphony: explores logic,
formal musical relationships
Berlioz Symphonie fantastique: explores individual
expression of pastoral idea
I. Romanticism: Intellectual & Social Context
A. The Romantic Period: Chronology
•
1827/1828 to ca. 1900
B. Wright Reading (=symptoms)
•
Love and romance, Nature,
Artist as Prophet, Concert Hall as Sacred Space
C. The Romantic Expressive Ideal
D. The Composer as Visionary
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Express individual emotion (not shared, universal)
No typical romantic composition
The imaginary museum: Successful works seen as permanent,
timeless (canon or standard repertoire established)
E. The Great Debate
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Music should be representational (program music) vs.
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Music should be autonomous: (absolute music)
II. Musical Style
A. Melody
1. Length
2. Symmetry
3. Cadences
4. Range and Contour
B. Tempo and Expression
C. Harmony
1. Amount of Dissonance
2. Chromaticism
D. Tone Color or Sonority
1. Orchestras become larger
2. Old instruments redesigned to produce fuller sounds
3. New instruments developed & added
4. Orchestra used to create lusher, thicker texture
III. Franz Schubert and the Romantic Lied
III. Franz Schubert and the Romantic Lied
A. Three Common Forms for 19th-Century Lieder
•Strophic (Little Rose on the Heath)
•Through-composed (The Erl-King)
•Modified Strophic (Gretchen at the Spinning Wheel)
B. Gretchen am Spinnrade (Gretchen at the Spinning Wheel)
•Accompaniment = partner with voice
•Piano figuration pictorial or graphic (and often more!)
•Use of mode=minor (more common among Romantics)
•Vocal Rhythms mirror accentuation of poem
•Asymmetrical phase lengths create tension
•Contour: Arch or hill shaped phrases (peak/climax)
• Chromatic harmonies emphasize aspects of verbal text
•Register and motives take on psychological importance
•Change of mode creates inner/outer psychological worlds
•Register and Accompaniment (again)
•Form