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Cell Structure Photosynthesis Respiration Mitosis Transcription Plant Systems Cell Photosynthesis Structure Respiration Mitosis Transcription Plant Systems $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 Double Jeopardy! Cell Structure Synthesizes lipids and detoxifies drugs/poisens $100 Cell Structure Smooth ER Back $100 Cell Structure Products of the ER and modified and stored here $200 Cell Structure Golgi apparatus Back $200 Cell Structure Repository site of inorganic ions; only in plants $300 Cell Structure Central vacuole Back $300 Cell Structure Seperates chromosomes during division; two types alpha and beta $400 Cell Structure Microtubules Back $400 Cell Structure Made of mostly glycoproteins or fibronectin; built into plasma membrane $500 Cell Structure Extracellular matrix (ECM) Back $500 Photosynthesis Signs of a double membrane indicate this found in chloroplasts $100 Photosynthesis endosymbiosis Back $100 Photosynthesis ROY B BIV $200 Photosynthesis Colors of the rainbow Back $200 Photosynthesis photosynthetic pigments that absorb light $300 Photosynthesis Chrolophyll A & B and carotenoids Back $300 Photosynthesis The light absorbing head, that is polar, found in amphipatic cholorphyll $400 Photosynthesis Porphyrin ring Back $400 Photosynthesis Three phases of the calvin cycle, the process which plants make sugar $500 Photosynthesis Carbon fixation, reduction and regeneration Back $500 Respiration Glucose is cut into pyruvate here $100 Respiration Cytosol Back $100 Respiration ATP is synthesized in this manner during glycolysis $200 Respiration One at a time because it’s substrate-level phosphorylation Back $200 Respiration Electrons go from glucose to oxygen via this coenzyme $300 Respiration NAD+ Back $300 Respiration After glycolysis and the kreb’s cycle, this many ATP have been synthesized due to substrate level phosphorylation $400 Respiration four Back $400 Respiration This keeps the electron transport chain flowing in one direction $500 Respiration Each electron carrier is slightly more electronegative than the previous Back $500 Mitosis 90% of the cell cycle is spent in this phase $100 Mitosis Interphase Back $100 Mitosis Plants’ cytokinesis phase differs from animals’ because of the presence of this $200 Mitosis Cell plate, in which cells form from inside to outside Back $200 Mitosis Levels of this protein increase in order to make MPF in order to pass cell cycle checkpoints $300 Mitosis Cyclin Back $300 Mitosis These microtubules continue to grow during anaphase $400 Mitosis Nonkinetochores Back $400 Mitosis Levels of this remain constant throughout the cell cylce $500 Mitosis Cyclin Dependent Kinase (CDK) Back $500 Transcription This is the “Central Dogma” of molecular biology $100 Transcription DNA to RNA to Proteins Back $100 Transcription Since prokaryotes do not have a nucleus they can do this $200 Transcription Couple transcription and translation Back $200 Transcription These additions during mRNA processing help protect the mRNA $300 Transcription Poly A tail and 5’ Cap Back $300 Transcription This is the result of mRNA processing $400 Transcription The Primary Transcript Back $400 Transcription These join to make spliceosomes that cut out introns from mRNA $500 Transcription Small Nuclear Ribonucloproteins (snRNP’s) Back $500 Plant Systems This adaptation helps vascular land plants grow up off the ground $100 Plant Systems Lignin Back $100 Plant Systems Evidence such as roseshape complexes hint that plants evolved from these $200 Plant Systems Charophtyes Back $200 Plant Systems These were the first land plants to have an embryo with a food supply $300 Plant Systems Gymnosperms Back $300 Plant Systems This is when reproduction varies from sexual and asexual $400 Plant Systems Alternation of Generations Back $400 Plant Systems Natural selection has proved that plants could have also evolved from this $500 Plant Systems Green Algae Back $500 Double Jeopardy!!! Animal Systems Behavioral&Population Ecology Ecosystems Biotechnology Cell Membranes Meiosis Animal Systems Behavioral & Population Ecology $200 $200 $200 $400 $400 $600 $800 Ecosystems Biotechnology Cell Membranes Meiosis $200 $200 $200 $400 $400 $400 $400 $600 $600 $600 $600 $600 $800 $800 $800 $800 $800 $1000 $1000 $1000 $1000 $1000 $1000 Final Jeopardy! Animal Systems Group of cells in a matrix with a common structure & function $200 Animal Systems Tissue Back $200 Animal Systems A type of thermoregulation in which heat & metabolism are based on the environment $400 Animal Systems ectothermic Back $400 Animal Systems These hormones suppresses human appetite $600 Animal Systems PYY, Insulin and Leptin Back $600 Animal Systems The microvilli of the small intestine exhibit this concept $800 Animal Systems Increased surface area Back $800 Animal Systems This type of species exhibits no mixing of blood, a pulmonary circuit and a systemic circuit $1000 Animal Systems Mammals Back $1000 Behavioral&Population Ecology A sequence of behavior acts that is unchangeable and usually completed $200 Behavioral&Population Ecology Fixed Action Pattern (FAP) Back $200 Behavioral&Population Ecology The modification of behavior based on experience; observed by Tinbergen $400 Behavioral&Population Ecology Learning Back $400 Behavioral&Population Ecology This type of species exhibit a high death rate early on $600 Behavioral&Population Ecology R-Species Back $600 Behavioral&Population Ecology This age structure pyramid shows a very narrow base and could represent Italy $800 Behavioral&Population Ecology Decreasing Growth Back $800 Behavioral&Population Ecology Competition, predation and pollution are examples of this $1000 Behavioral&Population Ecology Density Dependent factors Back $1000 Ecosystems This flows through an ecosystem and is not recycled $200 Ecosystems energy Back $200 Ecosystems The amount of light energy converted to chemical by autotrophs $400 Ecosystems Primary Productivity Back $400 Ecosystems When photoplankton eat .025 PCB’s but yet the Hering shows 4.83 PCB’s $600 Ecosystems Biological Magnification/Accumu lation Back $600 Ecosystems The pyramid of net production exhibits this rule $800 Ecosystems “Rule of 10%” Back $800 Ecosystems This is not naturally an atmospheric component; needed by plants for ATP $1000 Ecosystems Phosporous Back $1000 Biotechnology These cut genes out of chromosomes $200 Biotechnology Restriction enzymes Back $200 Biotechnology The process by which we find the gene of interest in a genomic library $400 Biotechnology “Screening” a library Back $400 Biotechnology These libraries are made by the use of mRNA and reverse transcriptase $600 Biotechnology cDNA libraries Back $600 Biotechnology This process is specifically used to amplify DNA $800 Biotechnology Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Back $800 Biotechnology This process is used to detect proteins via antibody probes that recognize shapes $1000 Biotechnology Western Blot Back $1000 Cell Membranes Cell membranes are described as this as opposed to semipermeable $200 Cell Membranes Selectively Permeable Back $200 Cell Membranes Cell membranes are fluid due to this structure $400 Cell Membranes Hydrocarbon kinky tails of the phospholipid Back $400 Cell Membranes These are four functions of integral proteins in membranes $600 Cell Membranes Transporters, cell recognition, intercellular joining and signal transduction pathway Back $600 Cell Membranes These cannot pass easily through a membrane $800 Topic 11 Polar, charged ions or large substances Back $800 Cell Membranes In this solution, all concentration is balanced $1000 Cell Membranes Isotonic Back $1000 Meiosis The purpose of meiosis $200 Meiosis To reduce chromosomes Back $200 Meiosis After meiosis I, this is the result $400 Meiosis Homologous chromosomes are separated; haploid Back $400 Meiosis Each set of chromosomes line up in metaphase independently and randomly $600 Meiosis Independent Assortment Back $600 Meiosis During prophase I, new chromosome combinations between nonsister chromatids $800 Meiosis Cross Over (Synapses) Back $800 Topic 12 A way meiosis creates genetic variation by having 64 trillion unique combinations (2^23 sperm x 2^23 egg) $1000 Meiosis Random Fertilization Back $1000 Final Jeopardy!!! Final Jeopardy!!! This is a way we can figure out what genes do by using dsRNA to silence the gene Final Jeopardy!!! RNA Interference