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Plants cont.
Vascular Tissue
Vascular Tissue Cells
• Series of tubes that transport
fluids throughout the plant
• 2 types of vascular tissue:
xylem and phloem.
Vascular Tissue Cells
• Xylem carries water and minerals
from the roots to the leaves
• Phloem carries sugar produced in
the leaves to all parts of the plant
• Xylem and phloem together are
called vascular bundles
Xylem Tissue
• Moves water and dissolved minerals
from the roots up to the leaves
• Thick walled tubes (provide support)
– Cylindrical cells fuse
– Cytoplasm breaks down & Cells die
– Non living cell walls become thin tubes
Phloem Tissue
• Transports sucrose and other
dissolved sugars from the leaves
to other parts of the plant
– Formed from sieve tube cells making a
continuous duct
– Alive! But do not have nucleus
– Connected to small nucleated companion
cells that direct their activities
Phloem Tissue
Phloem Tissue
Xylem and Phloem
animation
The rest of the plant
Beyond the leaf
Epidermis (Dermal Tissue)
• Outer layer of all surfaces
• One cell layer thick
• Not in woody plants in woody
plants this is replaced by bark on
the stem
Link
Use of sugar traveling
in the phloem
• Provides energy for cellular processes
– Protein manufacturing
– Stored as starch in the roots (Carrots, and
sweet potatoes) stems (ginger, potatoes)
leaves (green onions, rhubarb)
– Making cellulose
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Forms the cell wall
Fibrous structures
Provide strength and support
Can be associated with the lignin in
the formation of wood