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Transcript
Mott insulators, Noise correlations and Coherent Spin Dynamics in Optical Lattices Immanuel Bloch, Fabrice Gerbier, Artur Widera, Simon Fölling, Tatjana Gericke, and Olaf Mandel Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55099 Mainz, Germany Similar to Richard Feynman’s original proposal for a quantum computer as a simulator for the quantum dynamics of other physical systems, neutral atoms in optical lattices already today offer powerful possibilities for simulating fundamental Hamiltonians of condensed matter physics. In fact, many novel quantum phases of strongly correlated systems have been proposed for ultracold gases in optical lattices, however it has been unclear how a large variety of such states could be efficiently detected. We show that Hanbury Brown-Twiss noise correlation measurements of ultracold quantum gases allow a detection of many of these quantum states for ultracold Bosonic and fermionic quantum gases. In addition to this, we report on novel results on the phase coherence properties of an atomic Mott insulator. For finite lattice depths a coherent admixture of particle/hole pairs exists, which is fundamental to a Mott insulating state. The results have important implications for the use of Mott insulators as quantum registers for quantum information processing. Finally, we demonstrate fully coherent, purely collisionally driven spinor dynamics of ultracold Bose gases mixtures in optical lattices. Such self induced spin dynamics can be efficiently used for the generation of entangled many-body states. Sorting category: Ad Quantum gases, fluids and solids Keywords: Mott insulator, Bose-Einstein condensation, optical lattices, noise correlations INVITED PAPER LT2545
