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Exodus
© John Stevenson, 2012
Genesis
Begins with all of
humanity in view
Exodus
Begins with all the
Israelites in view
Eventually focuses on Eventually focuses on
one man―Abraham one man―Moses and
and his family
his family
Abraham has two
Moses has two
siblings: Nahor &
siblings: Aaron &
Haran
Miriam
Abraham called to
Moses forced to leave
leave and travel to a and travel to a foreign
foreign land
land
Old Testament
EXODUS
New Testament
CROSS
Exodus
Exodus from Egypt: 10 Plagues
Giving of the Law: 10 Commandments
Building the Tabernacle: 10 Items
The Presence
of the Lord
“I Am”
The World of the Exodus
Egypt
• The Nile River
Egypt
• The Nile River
• The New
Kingdom
Period
Goshen
The Early Career of Moses
• Birth & Infancy
The Early Career of Moses
• Birth & Infancy
• Education (Acts 7:22)
• The Decision of Moses (Acts
7:23; Hebrews 11:24-26)
• Murder (Exodus 2:11-12; Acts
7:25)
• Flight to Midian
EGYPT
MIDIAN
Exodus 7:2-3
“You shall speak all that I command
you, and your brother Aaron shall speak to
Pharaoh that he let the sons of Israel go out
of his land. 3 But I will harden Pharaoh's
heart that I may multiply My signs and My
wonders in the land of Egypt.
The First Plague
The Nile turned to Blood
• The Centrality of the Nile
• The Magicians (7:22)
• A Lifeline of Blood
The Second Plague
Frogs
• A Picture of
Multiplication
• A Picture of
Uncleanliness
• The Repetition of
the Magicians
The Third Plague
Gnats
• A Picture of Multiplication
• The Failure of the Magicians
The magicians tried with their secret
arts to bring forth gnats, but they
could not; so there were gnats on man
and beast. (Exodus 8:18)
The Fourth Plague
Insects
• Another Picture of Multiplication
• A distinction between Goshen and Egypt
But on that day I will set apart the land of
Goshen, where My people are living, so that no
swarms of insects will be there, in order that
you may know that I, the LORD, am in the midst
of the land. 23 I will put a division between My
people and your people. Tomorrow this sign will
occur. (Exodus 8:22-23)
The Fifth Plague
Cattle
• Symbols of Deity
• A Judgment against the Economy
The Sixth Plague
Boils
• A Judgment upon Man and Beast
• The Impotency of the Magicians
The magicians could not stand
before Moses because of the
boils, for the boils were on the
magicians as well as on all the
Egyptians. (Exodus 9:11).
The Seventh Plague
Hail
• The Climate
of Egypt
• A Judgment
from Heaven
• A way of
escape
The one among the servants
of Pharaoh who feared the
word of the LORD made his
servants and his livestock flee
into the houses; 21 but he who
paid no regard to the word of
the LORD left his servants and
his livestock in the field.
(Exodus 9:20-21)
The Eighth Plague
Locusts
• Devastation against the Crops
• A Picture of God’s Judgment
Exodus 10:13
So Moses stretched out his staff over
the land of Egypt, and the LORD directed
an east wind on the land all that day and all
s
that night; and when
it was morning, the
east wind brought
the locusts.
Exodus 10:19
So the LORD shifted the wind to a
very strong west wind which took up the
locusts and drove them into the Red Sea;
not one locust was
left in all the territory
of Egypt.
Pharaoh’s attempts to Negotiate
• Pharaoh makes several offers:
– Sacrifice to God here in Egypt (8:25).
– Don’t go very far away (8:28).
– Only the men can go (10:10-11).
– Don’t take your flocks or herds (10:24).
• Pharaoh’s repeated capitulations are not a
sign of true repentance. He only wishes to
avoid judgment apart from any real change.
• Pharaoh wants to remain lord.
The Ninth Plague
Darkness
• An Unnatural
Event
• A Picture of
Spiritual
Darkness
• The Darkness
of the Cross
So Moses stretched out his
hand toward the sky, and there
was thick darkness in all the
land of Egypt for three days. 23
They did not see one another,
nor did anyone rise from his
place for three days, but all the
sons of Israel had light in their
dwellings. (Exodus 10:22-23)
The Tenth Plague
Death of the Firstborn
• A Universal Plague
• A Way of Salvation
For Christ our Passover
also has been sacrificed
(1 Corinthians 5:7)
In what ways
does Jesus
fulfill the idea
of the
Passover?
Requirements for the Passover
Lamb
•
•
•
•
One lamb for each household (12:3)
Unblemished (12:4)
Male (12:4)
One year old (12:4)
Exodus 12:6
You shall keep it until the fourteenth
day of the same month, then the whole
assembly of the congregation of Israel is to
kill it at twilight.
Exodus 12:7
Moreover, they shall take some of the
blood and put it on the two doorposts and
on the lintel of the houses in which they eat
it.
Exodus 13:17
Now when Pharaoh had let the people
go, God did not lead them by the way of the
land of the Philistines, even though it was
near; for God said, “The people might
change their minds when they see war, and
return to Egypt.”
EGYPT
Exodus 13:18
Hence God led the people around by
the way of the wilderness to the Red Sea;
and the sons of Israel went up in martial
array from the land of Egypt.
@Ws“Yam~y:
Suph”
EGYPT
Exodus 13:21-22
The LORD was going before them in
a pillar of cloud by day to lead them on the
way, and in a pillar of fire by night to give
them light, that they might travel by day and
by night. 22 He did not take away the pillar
of cloud by day, nor the pillar of fire by night,
from before the people.
Exodus 14:1-3
Now the LORD spoke to Moses,
saying, 2 “Tell the sons of Israel to turn back
and camp before Pi-hahiroth, between
Migdol and the sea; you shall camp in front
of Baal-zephon, opposite it, by the sea. 3
For Pharaoh will say of the sons of Israel,
‘They are wandering aimlessly in the land;
the wilderness has shut them in.’”
Succoth
●
● Etham
For Pharaoh will say
of the sons of Israel,
‘They are wandering
aimlessly in the land;
the wilderness has
shut them in.’”
(Exodus 14:3)
…he took six hundred select chariots, and
all the other chariots of Egypt with officers
over all of them (Exodus 14:7)
Exodus 14:21-22
Then Moses stretched out his hand
over the sea; and the LORD swept the sea
back by a strong east wind all night and
turned the sea into dry land, so the waters
were divided. 22 The sons of Israel went
through the midst of the sea on the dry land,
and the waters were like a wall to them on
their right hand and on their left.
Exodus 19:3-4
Moses went up to God, and the
LORD called to him from the
mountain, saying, “Thus you shall say
to the house of Jacob and tell the
sons of Israel: 4 ‘You yourselves have
seen what I did to the Egyptians, and
how I bore you on eagles' wings, and
brought you to Myself.’”
Exodus 19:5-6
“Now then, if you will indeed
obey My voice and keep My covenant,
then you shall be My own possession
among all the peoples, for all the earth
is Mine; 6 and you shall be to Me a
kingdom of priests and a holy nation.”
These are the words that you shall
speak to the sons of Israel.
GOD
The King
The
Prophet
The
Priest
The Ten Commandments
• They are singular (“thou” instead of “ye”)
• They can be divided into two groups
– Those directed toward God
– Those directed toward men
The first four
The last six
commandments commandments
Deals with Israel’s
Deals with men’s
relationship with the relationship with one
Lord.
another.
Reasons given for
No reasons needed.
each command.
Completely unique to
These laws are
this constitution. No
common to most of
other society in the the ancient cultures of
ancient world had
that day.
similar laws.
The Ten Commandments
• They are singular (“thou” instead of “ye”)
• They can be divided into two groups
– Those directed toward God
– Those directed toward men
• The Stipulations that follow serve as
further interpretation of the Ten
Commandments
Instructions for the Tabernacle
God meets Moses,
then Israel exits
from Egypt (1-13)
Israel rebels
(14-18)
Covenant Laws
& Commands
(19-24)
Tabernacle built
and God enters
(35-40)
Israel rebels
(32-34)
Commands for
building the
Tabernacle (25-31)
The cloud covered the
tent of meeting, and the
glory of the Lord filled
the tabernacle (Exodus
40:34)