Download Chapter 3 Ancient Egypt Lesson 1

How to access the Egypt Online
activity…..
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Go to Internet Explorer
LIBRARY/MEDIA
JFK Middle School Library
Click Enter Library Site
Click 6th grade [on top]
Click Ancient Egypt
Click Online Activity
Follow the specific instructions in your pkt.
When you are finished:
1. Hand in your packet to me….be
prepared to be quizzed
2. Go to Google
Type
“online Senet game” in Google
Choose [3rd choice] scroll down to
all the activities
OR Choose Choice #1 Hounds and
Jackals - The Cleveland Museum
of Art
30 minutes
– “Egypt was the Gift of the Nile.”
– After the video, you will be asked
to answer this.
– In 3 sentences, explain what this
quote means. Be specific
Chapter 3
Ancient Egypt
Lesson 1:
Geography of Egypt
Lesson 1 Vocabulary
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silt
delta
economy
irrigation
Nile River Valley
Upper Egypt –in the south
Lower Egypt – in the north
Lesson 2 Vocabulary
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pharaoh
pyramid
* = place
empire
*Memphis
Menes
*Thebes
Khufu
*Kush
Hatshepsut
*Valley of the Kings
Howard Carter
Tutankhamun
Lesson 3 Vocabulary
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hieroglyphics
papyrus
scribe
Rosetta Stone
slavery
Social Pyramid
• pharaoh
• gov’t officials
• soldiers
• scribes
• merchants
• artisans
• farmers
• slaves
Lesson 1
Geography of Egypt
1. Nile River Valley
• It’s located around the Nile River
• It’s a thin strip of fertile land around
the river
• Nile: the longest river in the world4000+ miles long
»Flows south to north into
the Mediterranean Sea
• Most important part of Egyptian
life.
1. Nile River Valley
[cont’d]
• Upper Egypt
Located in the
southern part
of Egypt
• Lower Egypt
Located in the
northern part
of Egypt
DELTA
Med.
Sea
Nile
River
Valley
RED SEA
2. Overflow of the Nile
• When does it overflow?
- Every summer after the rainy season.
• What is left behind?
– Silt – clay and bits of black soil and rock
–Many minerals
–After many years, silt built up.
CREATING>>>>>>>>>
3. Nile Delta
• Delta:land made by deposits of
silt, sand and small stones at
the mouth of the river.
Ancient Egypt’s
economy was based
on
FARMING!
4. Farming Economy
• Economy:
use of workers and
resources to produce goods
• Crops: wheat and grains
• Nile: the richest farmland at the
time
• Planning: cultivate in the summer,
harvest in October, pick in the
spring.
5. Irrigation
• Irrigation: watering of
dry lands by means of
streams, canals, and
pipes. Helped crops!
• Moving/Storing Water:
-trapped overflow
from the Nile’s dams
-carried in bags
-moved in canals
- Shadufs- {wells}
6. United Village
What was it that united
the village?
COOPERATION!
Lesson 2
History of
Ancient Egypt
Upper and Lower
Egypt Unite
• Creating a new nation under
King Menes-Upper Egypt.
• Double Crown now worn.
• Pharaoh had absolute power
unlike our president.
Lower
Egypt
Upper
Egypt
How is our president
and a pharaoh different?
PHARAOH
PRESIDENT
• Our president is
elected by the people
for 4 yrs [8 yrs for a
double term]
• A president isn’t buried
in a pyramid
• A pharaoh is born
into power
• Mummified
• Honored as a god
How are they the same?
• leaders
• powerful
• have people working for themgovernors
• Collect taxes from the people
• Mostly men
The Great Pyramidcommissioned by
King Khufu as his
final resting place.
Average person
5’ 5”
The Great Pyramid
• 48 stories high –
That’s 24 JFK’s
• 13 acres of land
• 100,000 workers
• 20 years to
complete
• The Sphinx sat
outside it, guarding
and protecting it.
Learning from an
Invasion
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Hyksos (hik-sos)-nomads
Used weapons of advanced technology
What did they use?
Horse-drawn chariots, swords, metal
armor
• Egyptians couldn’t protect themselves and
were conquered.
• Hyksos took over Egypt- approx. 200 yrs.
With all bad comes good!
• Egyptians learned important military
skills from watching the Hyksos.
• They learned to ride horses.
• They became expert charioteers.
• They eventually drove the Hyksos out of
Egypt!
• Moral: Watch and learn from your
mistakes!
Valley of the Kings
May 9 , 1874- March 2, 1939
• Many pharaohs and other rulers were
buried there
• Great curiosity to archaeologists
• Howard Carter – 1922- found King
Tut’s tomb
• The tomb had been closed for 3,200+
years and everything was intact.
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http://www.youtube.com/profile?user=historyteachers#p/search/1/cAQyFO_fPmM
Sphinx of Hatshepsut
Hatshepsut-
born July 27th
• First woman ruler
• Greatly enriched Egypt’s wealth for
20 yrs.
• Sent PEACEFUL trading expedition
to East Africa and Asia- ivory, gold,
spices
• Her reign was removed from the
walls of Egypt.
Tombs for the
Pharaohs
• Planned as soon as he was
crowned
• Made of mud brick
• PYRAMIDS –
• 20 years to complete
• 500 pounds per stone
• West side of the Nile- (Osiris)
Lesson 3
Egyptian
Civilization
A New Civilization
• The Egyptian culture achieved a
level of civilization beyond the New
Stone Age.
• A civilization must have
these three elements:
–A system of government
–A system of religion
–A system of learning
A System of Writing
• Egyptian writing = hieroglyphics
• Hieroglyphs are the pictures or
signs
• Pharaohs often had their important
information carved into the walls
or a person’s tombs –told a story
The Rosetta Stone Religious
Egyptians
Pharaoh
A scribe’s jobs
Who is a scribe?
• A male
• Responsible for keeping track of
taxes and anything else for the
pharaoh.
• Well-respected, will never know
poverty
• Must give-up play time
Lesson 4
Egyptian Religion
http://www.youtube.com/profile?user=historyteachers#p/
u/23/1JqlAD7dn-E
Religion
• Afterlife: Life
after death
• Important part
of daily life
• Upper and
Lower Egypt
had different
gods/goddesses
Eye of Horus
Examples of gods/goddesses
• Amon Re – Sun god
• Osiris – god of the
• Chief god
living and dead
• Protects the rich and • god of the
the poor
Afterlife
• Born each day in the • Wife was Isis –
east and dies each day most powerful
in the west.
goddess
2. Life Ever After
–Souls of the dead needed
supplies to survive in the
…NEXT WORLD
(food, jewels, clothes, slaves)
They believed bodies needed to
be preserved
• -Mummies:
wrapped w/linen and
oils….20 layers
• process takes 2-3 months
removing organs, (filled w/salt)
• Who gets mummified?
- Usually royalty – Pharaohs
or those who could afford it.
Coffin/Sarcophagus
• Mummies inside
• Pharaohs had 3-7 coffins – one
inside the other. Why?
• Outer most coffin shaped like the
body with painted face. Why?
• The mummy industry
*professional coffin-makers and tomb builders, but also
professional mourners. They would wail and scream at
funerals, to show how much the dead person would be
missed.
In your notebooks:
Choose a god or goddess for your
poem
1. Which god or goddess most appeals
to you?
2. Why? Be specific
3. Do you have something in common?
4. What is it?
5. What is this god or goddess like? Be
descriptive
Where’s My
Mummy Annual
Activity?
You and your team are
responsible for wrapping
your king or queen for
burial. The judges and I
will be walking around,
watching and listening to
your group. The best
looking mummy wins, but
you must have also worked
well together, just like the
Egyptians did.