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PRS Slides for PowerPoint Chap 14 Psychological Disorders Copyright © Pearson Education, 2009 Definitional and Application Slides 2 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.1 Which of the following is a sufficient criterion for judging behavioral abnormality? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The behavior is not common statistically. The behavior goes against social norms. The behavior causes subjective discomfort. The behavior causes an inability to function from day to day. The behavior causes emotional distress. 3 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.1 Which of the following is a sufficient criterion for judging behavioral abnormality? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The behavior is not common statistically. The behavior goes against social norms. The behavior causes subjective discomfort. The behavior causes an inability to function from day to day. (p. 557-558) The behavior causes emotional distress. 4 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.2 Biological models for explaining psychological disorders may investigate all the following factors EXCEPT: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Genetics Imbalance of certain neurotransmitters Brain damage Effects of toxins (e.g., lead) on brain development and psychological functioning Parenting styles and their effects on the psychological development of children 5 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.2 Biological models for explaining psychological disorders may investigate all the following factors EXCEPT: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Genetics Imbalance of certain neurotransmitters Brain damage Effects of toxins (e.g., lead) on brain development and psychological functioning Parenting styles and their effects on the psychological development of children (p. 560) 6 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.3 What type of information is collected for a client on the DSM-IV-TR Axis II? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Current psychological disorders More enduring personality disorders General medical conditions that may influence psychological health Psychosocial and environmental problems that may affect psychological health Global assessment of functioning 7 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.3 What type of information is collected for a client on the DSM-IV-TR Axis II? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Current psychological disorders More enduring personality disorders (p. 563) General medical conditions that may influence psychological health Psychosocial and environmental problems that may affect psychological health Global assessment of functioning 8 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.3 The most common psychological disorder in the United States, according to an NIMH study in 2001 is: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Panic disorder Specific phobias Schizophrenia Dysthymic disorder Generalized disorder 9 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.3 The most common psychological disorder in the United States, according to an NIMH study in 2001 is: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Panic disorder Specific phobias Schizophrenia Dysthymic disorder (p. 564, Table 14.3) Generalized disorder 10 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.4 Anxiety that seems to have no real source, consists of excessive worrying, and is associated with physical symptoms such as difficulty concentrating, irritability, and sleeping problems is called: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Panic disorder Obsessive compulsive disorder Phobia Agoraphobia Generalized anxiety disorder 11 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.4 Anxiety that seems to have no real source, consists of excessive worrying, and is associated with physical symptoms such as difficulty concentrating, irritability, and sleeping problems is called: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Panic disorder Obsessive compulsive disorder Phobia Agoraphobia Generalized anxiety disorder (p. 568) 12 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.4 According to psychoanalysts, the cause of anxiety disorders stems from: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Learned emotional responses towards certain objects (e.g., snake phobia) Distorted, irrational thought patterns Deficiencies in GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter Unconscious conflicts Environmental stressors 13 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.4 According to psychoanalysts, the cause of anxiety disorders stems from: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Learned emotional responses towards certain objects (e.g., snake phobia) Distorted, irrational thought patterns Deficiencies in GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter Unconscious conflicts (p. 568) Environmental stressors 14 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.5 Cindy visits the doctor weekly and complains about a variety of physical symptoms. However, her emotional displays at the doctor’s office seem to exceed her worry about her health. She even threatened suicide once when her doctor did not give her the attention she wanted. She is most likely to have what disorder? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Hypochrondriasis Somatization disorder Conversion disorder Munchausen syndrome Anxiety disorder 15 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.5 Cindy visits the doctor weekly and complains about a variety of physical symptoms. However, her emotional displays at the doctor’s office seem to exceed her worry about her health. She even threatened suicide once when her doctor did not give her the attention she wanted. She is most likely to have what disorder? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Hypochrondriasis Somatization disorder (p. 571) Conversion disorder Munchausen syndrome Anxiety disorder 16 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.6 Shortly after killing a child while driving under the influence of alcohol, Jimmy unexpectedly wandered away from home. He was found several towns from his residence, was malnourished and taken to a local hospital. When the doctors asked his name, Jimmy did not know. It is likely that Jimmy has what type of disorder? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Retrograde amnesia Depersonalization Dissociative amnesia Dissociative identity disorder Dissociative fugue 17 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.6 Shortly after killing a child while driving under the influence of alcohol, Jimmy unexpectedly wandered away from home. He was found several towns from his residence, was malnourished and taken to a local hospital. When the doctors asked his name, Jimmy did not know. It is likely that Jimmy has what type of disorder? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Retrograde amnesia Depersonalization Dissociative amnesia Dissociative identity disorder Dissociative fugue (p. 573) 18 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.7 Janice tends to cycle from being very sad to very happy; however, there appears to be no external cause for her emotional fluctuations. She is likely to be suffering from what disorder? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Cyclothymia Dysthymia Bipolar disorder Major depression Seasonal affective disorder 19 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.7 Janice tends to cycle from being very sad to very happy; however, there appears to be no external cause for her emotional fluctuations. She is likely to be suffering from what disorder? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Cyclothymia (p. 578) Dysthymia Bipolar disorder Major depression Seasonal affective disorder 20 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.8 A psychologist has a patient that believes that they are being controlled by outside forces, such as the devil. This patient is likely to be suffering from what? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Delusions of reference Delusions of influence Delusions of persecution Delusions of grandeur Delusions of jealousy 21 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.8 A psychologist has a patient that believes that they are being controlled by outside forces, such as the devil. This patient is likely to be suffering from what? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Delusions of reference Delusions of influence (p. 582) Delusions of persecution Delusions of grandeur Delusions of jealousy 22 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.8 Which type of schizophrenia is associated with frequent hallucinations, inappropriate affect, and disorganization in speech? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Catatonic Paranoid Disorganized Undifferentiated Residual 23 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.8 Which type of schizophrenia is associated with frequent hallucinations, inappropriate affect, and disorganization in speech? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Catatonic Paranoid Disorganized (p. 583) Undifferentiated Residual 24 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.8 The stress vulnerability model suggests: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. People who have a genetic marker for schizophrenia will not develop the disorder unless they are exposed to stress at critical times in development. People who have a genetic marker for schizophrenia will not develop the disorder unless they are exposed to stress at any time in their lives. Early childhood experiences (e.g., distant parents) may increase the risk of schizophrenia. If an identical twin has schizophrenia, chances are about 100% that his twin will develop the disorder. Irrational thought patterns lead to stress that leads to schizophrenia. 25 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.8 The stress vulnerability model suggests: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. People who have a genetic marker for schizophrenia will not develop the disorder unless they are exposed to stress at critical times in development. (p. 585) People who have a genetic marker for schizophrenia will not develop the disorder unless they are exposed to stress at any time in their lives. Early childhood experiences (e.g., distant parents) may increase the risk of schizophrenia. If an identical twin has schizophrenia, chances are about 100% that his twin will develop the disorder. Irrational thought patterns lead to stress that leads to schizophrenia. 26 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.9 The personality disorder that is associated with the tendency to overreact and use excessive emotions to draw attention from and manipulate others is called: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Schizotypical Borderline Histrionic Dependent Avoidant 27 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.9 The personality disorder that is associated with the tendency to overreact and use excessive emotions to draw attention from and manipulate others is called: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Schizotypical Borderline Histrionic (p. 586, Table 14.5) Dependent Avoidant 28 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.9 Each of the following are symptoms of most people with antisocial personality EXCEPT: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Persistent lying Lack of conscience Superficial charm Impulsiveness Killing other people without feeling any guilt 29 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.9 Each of the following are symptoms of most people with antisocial personality EXCEPT: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Persistent lying Lack of conscience Superficial charm Impulsiveness Killing other people without feeling any guilt (p. 586587) 30 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.10 Which of the following mood disorders is most closely associated with disruptions in the circadian clock? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Bipolar disorder Seasonal affective disorder Major depression Dysthymia Mania 31 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education LO 14.10 Which of the following mood disorders is most closely associated with disruptions in the circadian clock? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Bipolar disorder Seasonal affective disorder (p. 589) Major depression Dysthymia Mania 32 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education Critical Thinking & Student Opinion Slides 33 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education Which is correct? “Road rage” is a valid diagnosis. • True • False 34 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education Which is correct? “Road rage” is a valid diagnosis. • True • False 35 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education Which is correct? The “insanity” defense is rarely used. • True • False 36 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education Which is correct? The “insanity” defense is rarely used. • True • False 37 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education Which is correct? Schizophrenia is the same as “split personality”. • True • False 38 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education Which is correct? Schizophrenia is the same as “split personality”. • True • False 39 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education Which is correct? Not all psychopaths are violent. • True • False 40 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education Which is correct? Not all psychopaths are violent. • True • False 41 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education Which is correct? Individuals with one psychological diagnosis frequently have more than one diagnosis. • True • False 42 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education Which is correct? Individuals with one psychological diagnosis frequently have more than one diagnosis. • True • False 43 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education What is your experience? A. I have been diagnosed with a psychological disorder. B. I have not been diagnosed with a psychological disorder, but I suspect that I may have one. C. I have not been diagnosed, nor do I suspect that I have a disorder. 44 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education What is your experience? A. Either I have a disorder, or a family member has a disorder. B. I do not have a disorder, nor does anyone in my family have a disorder. 45 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education What is your experience? A. Either I have a disorder, or a family member has a disorder or a friend has a disorder. B. I do not have a disorder, nor does anyone in my family have a disorder nor do any of my friends. 46 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education What is your experience? A. I know of someone who has a disorder (include self, family, friends, students in classes, coworkers, dormmates, etc.). B. I do not know of anyone who has a disorder (include self, family, friends, students in classes, coworkers, dormmates, etc.). 47 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education What do you think? A student in the early 1990s was expelled for plagiarism at the University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign. He claimed that he had multiple personalities, and one of the other personalities plagiarized without him (the dominant personality) knowing about it. He should be reinstated. A. B. C. D. E. I strongly agree I agree I am neutral I disagree I strongly disagree 48 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education