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Warm-up Look around you… Lights • ________________ • Identify at least 5 things in this room that are using energy right now. • Are they all using the same form of energy? Computers • ________________ You • ________________ Calculator • ________________ Clock • ________________ Various Forms of Energy Ch. 3.1 Energy is all around you… • Where do the lights and appliances in your Electricity home get energy from? _____________ • Where do plants get their energy from to make sugar? _____________ Sun • Where do you get energy to carry out all Food your daily activities? _____________ Energy forms of energy • There are many different ________________ effects and they cause many different ___________. • One thing that all forms of energy have in common is that they _________________ all cause changes to occur. _________________________________. ability to cause change • Energy is the ________________________. Forms of Energy • Sound Energy • Electrical Energy • Electromagnetic • Heat Energy . Energy • Nuclear Energy • Chemical Energy • Solar Energy • Mechanical Energy Mechanical Energy • Energy _________________ that is associated _________________ with motion. Ex: You opening a book. Ex: Wind making a flag move. Ex: A domino knocking over another domino. Ex: The hand of a clock moving. Forms of Energy • Sound Energy • Electrical Energy • Electromagnetic Energy • Heat Energy . • Nuclear Energy • Chemical Energy • Solar Energy • Mechanical Energy Sound Energy • ____________________ Sound results from the ____________________ vibration of particles in a ____________________ solid, liquid, or gas. • Ex: When you hear a car driving by, the structures in your ear are detecting the vibrations in the air produced by sound energy. • If you and a friend were in space and he/she clapped, would you hear it? ______ NO Forms of Energy • Sound Energy • Electrical Energy • Electromagnetic Energy • Heat Energy . • Nuclear Energy • Chemical Energy • Solar Energy • Mechanical Energy Chemical Energy Energy that is stored in • _____________________ the chemical make-up of _____________________ matter. __________________ • Ex: Chemical properties and chemical changes (when chemical bonds are ______ ___________________). formed or broken Ex: When wood or gasoline ________, chemical energy burns produces _____ heat and _____. light • Ex: The food you eat is broken down and turned into chemical energy used by your cells. Forms of Energy • Sound Energy • Electrical Energy • Electromagnetic Energy • Heat Energy . • Nuclear Energy • Chemical Energy • Solar Energy • Mechanical Energy Electromagnetic Energy • ____________________ Energy that is ____________________ transmitted through ____________________ space in the form of ____________________ “electromagnetic” waves. visible light • Ex: __________________ X-rays ultra violet • Ex: ________, radiation, gamma rays • Ex: radio waves • Ex: ______________ that microwaves cook food and transmit cellular phone calls Forms of Energy • Sound Energy • Electrical Energy • Electromagnetic Energy • Heat Energy . • Nuclear Energy • Chemical Energy • Solar Energy • Mechanical Energy Heat Energy • Heat ____________________ is a flow of energy from ____________________ a higher temperature to ____________________ a lower temperature. • Ex: you can feel heat fire energy from _______, the ______, ____________, Sun engines friction _____________, and machinery when in use Forms of Energy • Sound Energy • Electrical Energy • Electromagnetic Energy • Heat Energy . • Nuclear Energy • Chemical Energy • Solar Energy • Mechanical Energy Nuclear Energy • _________________________ Energy created when an atom’s _________________________ nucleus breaks apart (fission) or _________________________ joins together with another one _________________ (fusion). Sun and stars continue • Ex: the _____ to burn because of constant nuclear reactions • Ex: nuclear reactors inside nuclear power plants smoke detectors • Ex: inside ______________ • Ex: _____________ P.E.T. scans at hospitals help detect infection/disease more accurately http://www.world-nuclear.org/how/nonpower_uses_of_nuclear_energy.html Forms of Energy • Sound Energy • Electrical Energy • Electromagnetic Energy • Heat Energy . • Nuclear Energy • Chemical Energy • Solar Energy • Mechanical Energy Solar Energy • _____________________ Light that is directly _____________________ converted into electrical _____________________ energyWill by solar yourcells. solar-powered radio or house continue to work if • Ex: solar-powered there is no light? radio NO, house _________, __________, in order to make electrical street and _________________. energylight there NEEDS to be light!... the light is converted! • The solar panel of a _________________ calculator collects light and turns it electrical into ___________ energy for it to work. Forms of Energy • Sound Energy • Electrical Energy • Electromagnetic Energy • Heat Energy . • Nuclear Energy • Chemical Energy • Solar Energy • Mechanical Energy Electrical Energy (Electricity) of electric charge • The flow _______________ through a conductor. __________________. • When using electrical energy in appliances and electronics, the charges follow a conductive wire. • Electrical energy is a secondary source of energy (its generated by other sources). • Ex: static electricity, lightning, electronics 2 General Types of Energy • Kinetic energy – the energy of motion • Depends on mass and speed of object • Examples: – Bouncing ball – Skiing downhill – Flying kite • Potential energy – stored energy • Depends on position or chemical composition (make-up). • Examples: – Ball held in hand – Skier atop of mountain – Kite laying on ground Kinetic Energy • The kinetic energy increases as mass increases. • If a bowling ball and soccer ball were rolling at the same speed, which would have more K.E. and why? Bowling ball because it has more mass. • The kinetic energy increases as speed increases. • If 2 identical bowling balls were rolling at different speeds, which would have more K.E. and why? The faster one because it has a greater speed. At which time does this skater have more K.E. and why? 10 mph 35 mph He is traveling at a higher speed! Potential Energy • Depends on the position… • The higher an object is above ground and the more mass it has, the more P.E. it will have Gravitational P.E. due to gravity. • The more a rubber band or string to a bow and arrow is stretched, the more P.E. it will have due to the tension. Elastic P.E. • The more you push a spring down like in a jack-in-the-box, the more P.E. it will have Elastic P.E. due to the pressure. • Once the P.E. is released, it turns into K.E.! Potential Energy • Depends on the chemical composition (make-up) of a piece of matter… • Chemical energy in food is a form of P.E., but when the chemical bonds are broken apart (through cooking or digesting) energy is released as K.E.! Chemical P.E. • Chemical energy in fuel is a form of P.E., but once the fuel is ignited the chemical bonds break down and change releasing K.E.! Which has more potential It’s being energy and why? stretched. It’s at a higher elevation. Which has more potential energy and why? The closed Jack-inthe-box because its under pressure. They are both going 5 mph, but which has more kinetic energy? Why? The big truck because it has more mass. Name all the types of energy you know of in this picture. Heat Energy from the engine and friction. Electrical Energy from electricity produced by the car battery. Chemical Energy because of the fuel being burned. Electromagnetic Energy IF there were working headlights. Mechanical Energy from the motion of the car, tires, steering wheel and axels. Sound Energy from the engine, tires, and exhaust. Wrap-up energy is stored energy. 1. Potential ___________ mechanical 2. The energy that deals with motion is ___________ and ____________. K.E. electromagnetic 3. The energy that includes light is ______________. position 4. Potential energy depends on the ____________ of an object and its ____________ chemical composition. 5. Kinetic energy depends on the ____________ and mass speed ____________ of an object. 6. In P.E., when referring to objects under pressure or are stretched, it is called ____________ P.E. elastic Group Warm-up – 5 minutes • Decide on 4 different forms of energy that can be demonstrated in this room right now. • One member from your group will randomly be called on to get up and show your examples and to explain why they are THAT FORM of energy! Warm-up 1. How can you trace the sound energy from a normal car back to the Sun's energy? 2. How can you trace the burger you eat back to the Sun's energy? 3. How can you trace using a a solar powered cell phone charger back to the Sun's energy?