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The Brain SC.912.L.14.26 The central nervous system (CNS) include the brain and spinal cord. The CNS is composed of interneurons that interact with other nerves in body. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is the collection of nerves that connects the CNS to all of your organ system. weighs about half the as much as a textbook and has more than 100 billion neurons. Cerebrum – Interprets signals from your body and forms responses such as hunger, thirst, emotions, motion, and pain. Cerebral cortex – Interprets signals from your sensory organs and generates responses. Medulla oblongata – connects the brain to spinal cord. It controls basic life- sustaining functions, such as heart function, vomiting, swallowing and coughing. Spinal Cord Reflex arcs allow your body to respond quickly and without thinking, as when your leg jerks after your doctor taps your knee with a mallet.