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Neurons Signal Other Cells Across Synapses Neurons Signal Other Cells Across Synapses Synapse is a junction between two neurons Neurons Signal Other Cells Across Synapses Synapse is a junction between a neuron and a muscle cell Neurons Signal Other Cells Across Synapses Synapse is a junction between a neuron and an endocrine gland Neurons Signal Other Cells Across Synapses How does this work??? I’ll bet he had A LOT of synapses!! Chemical Synapses action potential reaches the end of the axon Action potential CANNOT “jump” the gap Chemical Synapses electrical signal must be converted to a chemical one Chemical Synapses electrical signal must be converted to a chemical one Chemical Synapses via. Chemical messengers used by neurons to signal other: neurons, muscles, or endocrine glands a neurotransmitter is sent out and a dendrite is stimulated QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. a neurotransmitter is sent out and a dendrite is stimulated neurotransmitters acetylcholine - neurotransmitter that triggers muscle contractions neurotransmitters serotonin neurotransmitter that affects mood neurotransmitters endorphins neurotransmitter that affects pain regulation Neurotransmitters bind with receptors on postsynaptic cells Stored in synaptic vesicles Neurotransmitters bind with receptors on postsynaptic cells action potential reaches synaptic terminal, Ca+ channels open Neurotransmitters bind with receptors on postsynaptic cells Ca+ causes vesicles to fuse with the presynaptic membrane and release the neurotrnamitter Neurotransmitters bind with receptors on postsynaptic cells Via: exocytosis Neurotransmitters bind with receptors on postsynaptic cells Neurotransmitters combine with receptor proteins of the postsynaptic neuron’s dendrites Neurotransmitters bind with receptors on postsynaptic cells Sodium gated ion channels open… Neurotransmitters bind with receptors on postsynaptic cells degraded neurotransmittor is reabsorbed into presynaptic neuron And it begins again…