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Chapter 25
Americans and a
World in Crisis,
1933 – 1945
Core Standards
• E: 1: a Describe the circumstances at home and abroad prior
to US involvement in WWII
• E: 1: b Identify the significant military and political aspects of
WWII
• E: 1: c Analyze dimensions of the Holocaust and the Allies
response to the Holocaust and war crimes
• E: 1: d Evaluate the social, political, and economic impacts of
WWII on the home front
• E:1: e Identify and evaluate the scientific and technological
developments in America during and after WWII
• E:1: f Analyze the social, cultural, and economic changes at
the onset of the Cold War era
2
Readings
•
•
•
•
•
Read the entire chapter.
Expect reading quiz each day.
Pp. 764-774
Pp. 774-782
Pp. 782-794
Even the German
soldiers knew to do
their readings!
3
Introduction
• Eugene Bondurant Sledge
• With the Old Breed: At
Peleliu and Okinawa
• Read his book, you’ll love his
colorful language
• When I knew
• Dr. Sledge he
• looked like this.
4
The United States in a Menacing
World, 1933-1939
•
•
•
•
•
Italy
Germany
Japan
World toward a precipice
Neutrality
5
Nationalism and the Good
Neighbor
• “Good Neighbor
Policy” FDR
• Aid to Cuba
– Fulgencio Batista
– Overthrown by Castro
in 1959
6
The Rise of Aggressive States in
Europe and Asia
• Adolf Hitler
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8MDUfLX0mTA
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Q-6H4xOUrs&skipcontrinter=1
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JK-Xryw_hKA
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gS-nQgLehpE&feature=related
Appeasement
7
German
Propaganda
• Joseph
Goebbels
8
Luftwaffe
9
Map 25.1:
European
Aggression
Before
World War II
10
The American Mood:
NO MORE WAR
• Neutrality Acts
11
Map 25.2:
Japanese
Expansion
Before World
War II
12
The Gathering Storm
• Joseph Stalin
• Nonaggression pact
• Mussolini: “FDR’s
paralysis must have
reached his brain!”
• FDR takes action:
–
–
–
–
300 million for military
20,000 planes per year
1.3 Billion Defense Plan
“two Madmen” who only
respect force
Stalin’s Kemlin
13
America and the Jewish Refugees
• Kristallnacht
• (Night of Broken glass)
• June 1939
• St Louis
• 950 Jews turned away on
ship in Ft. Lauderdale,
Florida (most died in
Concentration Camps)
14
Into the Storm, 1939-1941
• Rome-Berlin-Toyko Axis
• America is getting pushed to help
15
British Monarchy
• George V
• Edward VIII
– Abdicated
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wBn06A-sdok
– George VI
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=opkMyKGx7TQ
• Elizabeth
– Charles
• William
• Harry
16
The European War
• Poland
• Blitzkrieg
• Wehrmacht
• Winston Churchill
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MkTw3_PmKtc
17
Dunkirk
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WF8q45vwf-0&feature=related
18
From Isolation to Intervention
• Draft
• Lend-Lease
• Atlantic Charter
19
Pearl Harbor
and the
Coming of War
• December 7, 1941
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ufoUtoQLGQY
• Pentagon
20
Organizing for Victory
• War Production Board (WPB)
• Office of Price Administration (OPA)
21
The War Economy
22
Figure 25.1A: U.S. Wartime
Production
23
Figure 25.1A: U.S. Wartime
Production (cont’d)
24
Figure 25.1A: U.S. Wartime
Production (cont’d)
25
“A Wizard War”
Winston Churchill
• Office of Scientific Research Development
• Manhattan Project
26
Propaganda and Politics
• Office of War Information
27
The Battlefront, 1942-1944
28
Map 25.3:
World War II
in Europe
and Africa
29
Liberating Europe
• French
resistance
30
North Africa
George Smith Patton,
Jr.
Bernard Montgomery
Erwin Rommel
Dwight D. Eisenhower landed
troops in Morocco and Algeria
31
Battle of Stalingrad
• Stalin wanted two
fronts
Soviet Snipers at Stalingrad
32
Battle of Leningrad (St. Petersburg)
33
Invasion of Sicily
34
D-Day, June 6, 1944
• Omaha
• Sword
• Juno
• Utah
• Gold
35
Break Out from Normandy
36
Battle of the Bulge
• Bastogne
• “Nuts!”
37
Atrocities Against Americans
During WWII
38
Abuse of Americans by Japanese
• Bataan Death March
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SnNf57112nI&featur
e=endscreen
39
War in the Pacific
• Philippines fall in May
1942
• MacArthur “I shall return!”
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NEbwuehH35I
40
Bill Grant
• Sting of the
Wasp
41
Map 25.4: World War II in the Pacific
42
Battle of Coral Sea
• Admiral
Thomas
Kinkaid
• Admiral
Nimitz
43
Battle of Midway
US Signal Corps
breaks Japanese
codes
4 Japanese
destroyers sunk
Hundreds of
Japanese planes
lost
44
Guadalcanal
45
Solomon Islands
46
British move from India
to retake Burma
47
US Begins Two-Pronged Advance
• June 1943
• Retake of Philippines
48
Battle of Leyte Gulf
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=37Mjbw0GBog
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Okinawa and Possible Invasion of
Japan
• “Give ‘em the hot
seat!”
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The Grand Alliance
•
•
•
•
•
•
Roosevelt
Churchill
Giraud
De Gaulle
Casablanca
January 1943
• First president to
travel abroad by
plane while in
office!
51
Invasion of Italy
• Battle of Anzio
• Tuskegee Airmen
– Red Tails
52
Grand Alliance in Cairo
• Roosevelt
• Churchill
• Chiang Kai-shek
– Anti-communist
– Return Manchuria
– Return Taiwan
– “Free and
Independent Korea
from USSR
53
Grand Alliance in Tehran, Iran
• Roosevelt
• Churchill
• Stalin
– Invasion of
France in
June 1944
– Divide
Germany
into 4
military
zones
54
Domestic Issues
• Henry Wallace
• Harry S. Truman
– Moderate
• Missouri
• 1944 election
• Thomas E. Dewey
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War and American Society
• 15 million Americans
served
• Women
•
56
The GIs’ War
• “KILLROY
WAS HERE!”
57
War Bonds
“Buy a war bond,
Darling…..”
58
Map 25.5: The Home Front
59
The Home Front
• Rosie the Riveter
• Victory Gardens
60
Racism and New Opportunities
• A. Philip Randolph
61
War and Diversity
62
Interment of Japanese-Americans
63
Triumph and Tragedy, 1945
• Yalta Conference
“accords”
– Russia declares
war on Japan
– FDR “gives away
eastern Europe
– Roosevelt very
tired
64
Roosevelt DEAD!
65
Victory in Europe
66
Holocaust
• Jews
• Concentration
Camps
67
Atomic Bombs
• Truman
• Potsdam
Declaration
68
USS Indianapolis
69
Final Victory
• V-E Day
• V-J Day
70
The War’s Toll on America
71
Conclusion
72