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Africa, the Middle East and Asia during WWII 1939-42 1. Asia from 1939-1942 2. WWII in Africa 1939-42 3. War in the Mandates in Middle East 39-42 Asia 1930 to 1941 and then 1942 WWII Map of Asia Occupied by Japan: ____________ Pg 230 in book-Japan, Korea, Manchuria, Parts of China, Thailand, Burma (Myanmar), Indochina (Vietnam), Indonesia, Malaysia Allied Advances: __________ Asterisk for Battles Japanese Expansion in Asia What were Japanese reasons for war and expansion into Manchuria (China)? Big business raw materials Exports import Great Depression Superior race theory What is Bushido? Way of the warrior to die for the empire because he has no value and neither does his enemy Rape of Nanjing 250,000 civilians slaughtered What was the USA’s relationship with Japan? Threatened by mutual interests “Open Door” Embargo 1940 on scrap iron and weapons to Japan July 1941 embargo oil and steel Consequences for Japanese Americans? “A day that will live in infamy” Dec 7, 1941 Japanese Objectives WWII Break US Embargo End interference with conquest of China Build Empire with raw materials and markets for exports Success for Japan 1941 Japan expands ‘41 See Map General Macarthur US Navy Battle of QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. Coral Sea May 1942 June 1942 Battle of Midway August 1942 Guadalcanal 6 months Allied Win Turning Point against Japan Island Hopping until Air Access to Japan World War II Pacific World War II in Africa 1939-42 Map in Africa Use the map key to figure out your colors Draw and Label the Suez Canal Remember Affected Colonies: French Colonies: Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia Italian Colonies: Libya, Ethiopia British Colonies: Egypt Axis Aims in North Africa Explain Mussolini’s desire to make the Mediterranean an “Italian Lake” Why is Egypt important to the British and the Allies? 1940-41 Mussolini Attacks Sept. 1940 from Libya and Egypt Oct 1940 invades Greece Hitler must reinforce Italy and delay USSR invasion See Animated Map QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncomp resse d) de com press or are nee ded to s ee this picture. WWII in Africa 1940-42 Seasaw Why was there an QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. increased Allied focus on North Africa? Where would they launch an invasion of Europe? Shipping Supplies and strategy Increased urgency to finish the war after 1941 Debated, sabotage USSR Who was ‘Desert Fox’ German: General Erwin Rommel Only General named by Churchill in British Parliament Battle of El Alemain North African back and forth July 1 1942 First Battle of Alemain Allies stop Desert Fox General Rommel and Axis October 23, 1942 Allied General Bernard Montgomery counter attacks the Axis Allies push Rommel and Axis back BR 1/2 Sheet (write down your answers) 1. During the interwar period, what political activity did the mandates focus on? 2. What was the effect of WWII on the Middle East? 3. EC List the 6 states of the Middle East during the interwar period Answers for BR Independence, some reforms must be specific in land reform or welfare reform Loosened the grip of Anglo-French dominance and they eventually got independence from France and Great Britain. EC: Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Iraq, and Transjordan, or Saudi Arabia, Iran, Yemen, WWII 1939-1945 in Middle East Mandates WWII in the Middle East 1939 Britain invades Iran, occupied by USSR as well oil, transport supplies to USSR, USA involved Negative of development of Iran Turkey stays out of the war as a neutral friendly to both sides declares war 1945 on Germany WWII in ME Iraq: Anglo Iraqi War 1941 Ruling Elite use WWII as opportunity for independence Iraqi military grows in power Nuri al Said vs Four Colonels and Rashid Ali Divided elite, bitter Britain WWII ME Egypt Pivot of British Defense System 500,000 British and commonwealth troops passed through Egypt Cairo was HQ for ME supplies Shortages led to Egypt to develop manufacturing Monarchy, parliament, Wafd all discredited Lampson and King Faruk Feb 4, 1942= Wafdist cabinet WWII in ME Syria and Lebanon French Mandates Vichy, Germany vs Free France and GB within the mandates GB Blockade economic hardship and hunger De Gaulle agrees to independence July 1941 Free France enters and takes away promise of independence Confrontations continued WWII in ME Saudi Arabia Ibn Saud King, had 41 sons GB treaty and cooperates during WWII 1933 standard oil of California aka ARAMCO not until 38, so impoverished nation Officially neutral until 45 declared war on Germany Palestine You already know this 1939-45 GB changed policies with White Paper of 39, and then left by 47 with the mandate in chaos North Africa and the Middle East 1943-45 1. North Africa 43-45 2. Middle East 43-45 Amphibious Military Technology General Dwight D. Eisenhower commander of Anglo-American force Why invade Algeria and Morocco? Map: Allied offensive WWII In the Pacific 19421945 1. Island Hopping Campaign 42-45 2. British Campaigns 42-45 3. Atomic Bomb 4. Peace with Japan and