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5.12(A)The student knows that the natural world includes earth
materials and objects in the sky. The student is expected to
interpret how land forms are the result of a combination of
constructive and destructive forces such as deposition of
sediment and weathering.
1. The sides of the Grand Canyon show many different layers of rock. Which
statement describes how the Grand Canyon was formed?
A. The canyon has a waterfall.
B. Big rainstorms washed rocks out of the canyon.
C. A flowing river cut into rocks to form the canyon.
D. The canyon was formed from the uplifting of rock.
The correct answer is:
C. A flowing river cut into the rocks to form the
canyon.
These answers are incorrect because:
A. Canyons are deep, narrow valleys and would not be formed from a
waterfall.
B. Rainstorms provide the water that weathers the rock.
D. Uplifting of rock forms mountains.
2. Which is an example of a feature on the Earth’s surface caused
by the force of wind?
A. Limestone rocks
B. Sandbars
C. Limestone caves
D. Sand dunes
The correct answer is:
D. sand dunes.
These answers are incorrect because:
A. Limestone rocks are formed when layers of sediment are
deposited.
B. Sandbars are formed on the ocean floor when waves move water
over the sand.
C. Limestone caves are formed when water dissolves rock.
3. Which process is NOT caused by the movement of
Earth's plates?
A. Ocean island formation
B. Weathering
C. Mountain building
D. Volcanic eruption
The correct answer is:
B. weathering
The answers A, C, D are incorrect because:
Ocean island formation, mountain building and volcanic
eruptions are all caused by the movement of the Earth’s
plates.
4. People living on the Texas Gulf Coast have to place stone barriers
along the shoreline to prevent wearing away of coastal land by wave
action. This process is called:
A. Erosion
B. Weathering
C. Plate tectonics
D. Deposition
The correct answer is:
A. erosion.
These answers are incorrect because:
B. Weathering is the breaking down of rock into smaller particles.
C. Plate tectonics is a theory that explains the movements of the
Earth’s plates.
D. Deposition is the process of depositing sediment in a new
location.
5. Names and dates on cemetery tombstones are often worn
away by the constant exposure to wind, rain and frost. This
process is known as:
A. Erosion
B. Frost action
C. Volcanic action
D. Weathering
The correct answer is:
D. Weathering.
These answers are incorrect because:
A. Erosion process of moving sediment from one place to another.
B. Frost action is the repeated freezing and thawing of water in
cracks in rocks.
C. Volcanic action results in the formation of igneous rock.
6. Rivers running quickly through the same area for millions of
years would likely form:
A. Mountains
B. Volcanoes
C. Valleys
D. Glaciers
The correct answer is:
C. Valleys.
These answers are incorrect because:
A. Mountains are formed from the uplifting of rock.
B. Volcanoes are formed from molten rock.
D. Glaciers are formed by ice.