* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Do Now - March [4-2], 2009 - stroh
Survey
Document related concepts
Livermorium wikipedia , lookup
Einsteinium wikipedia , lookup
Abundance of the chemical elements wikipedia , lookup
History of molecular theory wikipedia , lookup
Periodic table wikipedia , lookup
Valley of stability wikipedia , lookup
Chemical element wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Do Now - March [4-2], 2009 Unscramble the following words and tell which atomic theorist belongs to each word(s). 1. MUPL DINPDUG 2. DEOCHTA ARY BETU 3. LUECNUS 4. OSMTOA 5. TURLENA OTREUNSN Agenda • Do Now/Announcements • What is an element? an atom? a compound? • Atomic parts (protons, neutrons, and electrons) • Atomic Math! • Work time: Individual and Group • Exit Ticket Objectives • SWBAT define atom, element, and compound • SWBAT locate and describe the three subatomic particles • SWBAT do Atomic Math! What is an ELEMENT? • An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by physical or chemical means – An element is made of only one type of atom Add to Vocabulary Log! Where are elements found? • 91 occur on Earth naturally – Examples: COPPER (#29), OXYGEN (#16), GOLD (#79) • Some have been developed by scientists in labs – Examples: RUTHERFORDIUM (#104), CURIUM (#96), EINSTEINIUM (#99) How are elements organized? Elements are organized on the periodic table of the elements We will learn more about the organization of the periodic table tomorrow! Why do we use element symbols? • Each element has a unique chemical name and symbol – Symbols consist of one, two, or three letters – First letter is ALWAYS CAPITALIZED – Remaining letters are ALWAYS LOWER CASE • These names and symbols are universally accepted by scientists to make communication easier What is an ATOM? • An atom is the smallest particle of an element that has all the properties of that element – Electrically neutral (no charge) – Spherically shaped (like a ball) – Composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons Add to Vocabulary Log! How small is an ATOM? • An atom is very small! • In 2000, the world’s population was six billion • By comparison, a copper penny contains almost 5 billion times as many atoms of copper! World population Atoms in a penny 000 6 000 000 000 29 000 000 000 000 000 000 What makes atoms different from one another? • There are about 110 elements • That means there are 110 different atoms • Different atoms have different numbers of subatomic particles (protons, neutrons, and electrons) Atomic Parts (aka Subatomic Particles) Protons Neutrons Electrons PROTONS (positive purple) • Where are they found? –IN THE NUCLEUS • Mass –1.6726 x 10-27 kg • Charge –1+ (positive one) NEUTRONS (no color, no charge) • Where are they found? –IN THE NUCLEUS • Mass –1.6749 x 10-27 kg • Charge –0 or neutral (no charge) ELECTRONS (in the red) • Where are they found? –OUTSIDE THE NUCLEUS –Travel in SPECIFIC PATHS 1,839 ELECTRONS • Mass would equal the -31 –9.1094 x 10 kg mass of ONE NEUTRON! • Charge Electrons virtually –1- (negative one) have NO MASS! Review of Subatomic Particles Subatomic Particle Protons Location IN NUCLEUS Mass 1.6726 x 10-27 Charge POSITIVE kg Neutrons IN NUCLEUS 1.6749 x 10-27 kg Electrons OUTSIDE NUCLEUS 9.1094 x 10-31 kg NO CHARGE (NEUTRAL) NEGATIVE Atomic Math! •Atomic math helps us identify and calculate…. number of protons This helps number of neutrons us distinguish number of electrons atoms atomic number from each other! atomic mass ATOMIC NUMBER • Atomic number is the number of protons in an atom • Atomic number determines the element’s identity and position on the periodic table • Atomic number is the smaller number in each element box on the periodic table; is also the whole number (not a decimal) ATOMIC NUMBER • Atoms are electrically neutral, so… –The number of protons must equal the number of…..? –ELECTRONS! ATOMIC NUMBER = NUMBER OF PROTONS = NUMBER OF ELECTRONS ATOMIC NUMBER Atomic Number Practice 1. What elements have the following atomic numbers? A) 27 B) 105 C) 4 2. What are the atomic numbers of the following elements? A) Pt B) F C) Te ATOMIC NUMBER Practice How many protons? How many electrons? ATOMIC MASS • Atomic mass is the mass of the nucleus (atom) • Atomic mass = protons + neutrons • Atomic mass is bigger number in each element box on the periodic table ATOMIC MASS Atomic Mass Practice In Atomic Math, use whole numbers and round correctly! 1. If an element has 13 protons and 14 neutrons, what is its mass? What element is this? 2. If an element has a mass of 89 and 39 protons, how many neutrons does it have? What element is this? What is ATOMIC MASS? How many protons? How many neutrons? Practice Time! 1. Write the elements that have the following atomic numbers. A) 7 B) 14 C) 56 D) 84 E) 101 2. What are the atomic numbers for the following elements? A) chlorine B) helium C) tin D) iodine 3. How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in the following elements? A) Ni B) Tc C) Ag D) Pb What is a COMPOUND? • A compound is a combination of two or more different elements that are combined chemically – Most everyday substances are compounds – Approximately 10 million known compounds Add to Vocabulary Log! Exit Ticket 1. What element has an atomic number of 78? Write the element name and symbol. 2. How many protons, neutrons, and electrons does boron have?