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Introduction to the Periodic Table Atomic Number ● Symbol ● Atomic Weight I am Dmitri Mendeleev! I made the PERIODIC TABLE ! What is the PERIODIC TABLE? o Shows all known elements in the universe o Organizes the elements by chemical properties How else is it organized?? Mendeleev first arranged the elements by atomic mass. But he noticed there was something still not quite right about it. Now, the periodic table is arranged by atomic numbers. How do you read the PERIODIC TABLE? What is the ATOMIC NUMBER? o The number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom Also… If it is a neutral atom (not an ION) the atomic number will also tell you the number of electrons! What is the SYMBOL? o An abbreviation of the element name What is the ATOMIC MASS? o The average mass of the atoms of a given element How do I find the number of protons and electrons in an atom of an element using the periodic table? o # of PROTONS = ATOMIC NUMBER o # of ELECTRONS = # PROTONS (neutral atom) Now you are almost as smart as I am! But not as handsome! Man, I look GOOD! Periodic Table General Info Parts of the Periodic Table The periodic table is divided into groups and periods … – GROUPS: VERTICAL COLUMNS There are 18 groups – PERIODS: HORIZONTAL ROWS There are 7 periods Group 1 Special Group Names – Alkali Metals Group 2 – Alkaline Earth Metals Group 3-12 – Transition Metals Group 17 – Halogens Group 18 – Noble Gases Inner Transition Metals on Bottom (Lanthanides & Actinides) How else is it organized? Metals: – Found to the left of the staircase Non-metals: – Found to the right of the staircase On either side of the staircase are elements having both metallic and nonmetallic properties – Called metalloids See the staircase?? Colour Code Your “Blank Outline” Make a Legend!!! Group 1 - Alkali Metals Group 2 – Alkaline Earth Metals Group 3-12 – Transition Metals Group 17 – Halogens Group 18 - Noble Gases Other metals – left of staircase Other non-metals – right of staircase Properties of… METALS – Conduct electricity – Malleable: Can be pounded into a thin sheet – Ductile Can be drawn into wires – Solid at room temperature Except Hg Properties of… NON-METALS – Do not conduct electricity – Brittle If solid – Non-ductile – Solids, liquids or gases at room temperature Properties of… Metalloids – Have both metallic and non-metallic properties – Ex. Silicon conducts electricity but is otherwise like non-metals – Include: B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te, At Any Questions so far? Textbook Task Use notes and textbook (page 96) Complete: – #12 to 21 on page 97