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WARM UP 9/18 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. How did you do on your test? Predict your grade. How long did you study? Is there anything you could have done better to prepare? Summarize in three sentences or less what you learned from chapter 1. Write 5 things that come to mind when I say “chemistry”. NOTES 9/18 CH2: CHEMISTRY OF LIFE BIOCHEMISTRY The chemistry of living things. History of the ATOM 460 BC – DEMOCRITUS *matter divided until smallest part “atomos” – unable to cut 1800’s – DALTON *basic unit of all matter is atoms * solid, undividable particles 1900’s – RUTHERFORD • • Spheres with mostly space Smaller particles in them Subatomic articles – parts in an atom 1. 2. 3. Proton + charge Neutron no charge Electron - charge ATOMIC NUMBER # of protons in an atoms Makes each atom different Most atoms neutral, so # protons = # electrons ION – an atom with a charge because of too many or not enough electrons (makes the atom more reactive) ANION – Too many e- , so charge is negative CATION – Not enough e-, so charge is positive ATOMIC MASS (NUMBER) Total number of protons and neutrons in an atom ELEMENT – substance made of only one kind of atom EXAMPLE Atomic 6 Number Carbon C Atomic Mass Number 12.001 2.4 Element Periodic Table 1869 – MENDELEEV Organizes all the elements in a systematic way In order of atomic number PERIOD – each row across 7 periods All elements in same row are in same period GROUP - (family) Each column Elements in same group have similar properties 18 groups 2 main groups – metals and nonmetals Hydrogen acts as both ASSIGNMENT Element symbol group period Atomic Mass # # # protons O, C, H, N, Ca, P, K, S, Na, Cl, Mg, I, Fe Metal or % of nonmetal body O 65% C 18.5% H 9.5% N 3.2% Ca 1.5% K .4% Fe .1% S .3% Na .2% Cl .2% Mg .1% I .1% P 1% ASSIGNMENT 9/17 Finish chart – front and back – show me today Page 34-36 READ – WRITE QUESTIONS 1. How many electrons in an atom? 2. How many e- can the 1st shell hold? 3. The 2nd shell? 4. The outermost shell? 5. What is important about the # and arrangement of e- in an atom’s outermost shell? 6. When is an atom chemically reactive? 7. What does chemically reactive mean? 8. What if the e- in the outer shell are paired?