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Climate change vis a vis business Integration Sugarcane as a model Session IV: What’s next? Leadership into Action An international conference Asia’s Emerging Response to Climate Change November 23, 2007 Inter-Continental Hotel , Bangkok By Dr. Pipat WEERATHAWORN Research and Development Director MITR PHOL Sugar Group [email protected] 1 Mitr Phol Sugarcane Research Center Co. Ltd. • • • • Outline Mitr Phol Introduction Climate Change : Sugarcane’s Roles Business Integration Conclusion 2 Mitr Phol Sugarcane Research Center Co. Ltd. • • • • Outline Mitr Phol Introduction Climate Change : Sugarcane’s Roles Business Integration Conclusion 3 Mitr Phol’s History and Core Business 1956 establish the 1st sugar factory at capacity of 700 tons cane per day 2007, Mitr Phol has 5 sugar factories in Thailand and another 5 sugar factories in China with total capacity 180,000 TCD The newest factory is under construction in the republic of Laos Total sugar production 2 Million Tons4 Mitr Phol’s Mill Locations in Thailand 5 MP’s Mill Locations in China Tuolu Chongzuo Funan Paper Mill Ningming Logistic Co. Haitang Refined sugar Co. 6 MP’s Sugar Products Mitr Phol Sugarcane Research Center Co. Ltd. • • • • Outline Mitr Phol Introduction Climate Change : Sugarcane’s Roles Business Integration Conclusion 8 Mitr Phol Sugarcane Research Center Co. Ltd. 9 Mitr Phol Sugarcane Research Center Co. Ltd. More and more land is being devastated by drought… IPCC TS 10 Why Sugarcane Very high photosynthetic efficiency (biomass = photosynthesis – respiration) Highest water use efficiency of any known crop By F.C. Botha, 2006 South African Sugarcane Research Institute Mount Edgecombe, KwaZulu-Natal Biomass (kg/m2) Photosynthetic efficiency 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 C4=22(55 max) g/m2/d Napier grass Sugarcane Sorghum Millet Potato Sugarbeet Rice C3=13 0 100 200 g/m2/d 300 Growing season (days) By F.C. Botha, 2006 South African Sugarcane Research Institute Mount Edgecombe, KwaZulu-Natal 400 Cassava Oil Palm 25 Rice 20 15 10 Sugarcane Biomass Production Sugar beet CANE -2 -1 Rate (g m d ) Oil Palm Cassava Potato Millet Sorghum Sugarcane 5 On average 22 g m-2 d-1 but can be as high as 55 g m-2 d-1 For C3 plants only 13 g m-2 d-1 Napier 0 900 240 litres per kg of aerial biomass Almost half of that for sugar beet and other C3 plants Soybeans 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Copyright © 2007 Alfafa 700 By F.C. Botha South Africa, ISSCT 2007 Oats CANE -1 Sugarcane Water Use Efficiency Kg water Kg biomass 800 Potatoes Wheat Sugar beet Maize Sorghum Sugarcane Mitr Phol Sugarcane Research Center Co. Ltd. 14 Mitr Phol Sugarcane Research Center Co. Ltd. 15 Mitr Phol Sugarcane Research Center Co. Ltd. Ratio of energy use: production 1 1.3 Reduce CO2 emission 22% 1 8 Reduce CO2 emission 56% 16 Mitr Phol Sugarcane Research Center Co. Ltd. Energy yield of various crops and land requirement of 25% petroleum replacement in transportation Yield GJ / ha % Global Arable Land Palm oil 157 11 Sugar Cane 122 15 Sugar beet 105 17 Jatropha 63 29 Corn 63 29 Wheat 52 34 Rapeseed 38 47 Sunflower 31 57 Barley 23 78 Soybean 17 103 17 18 Green Cane Harvesting 19 Mitr Phol Sugarcane Research Center Co. Ltd. • • • • Outline Mitr Phol Introduction Climate Change : Sugarcane’s Roles Business Integration Conclusion 20 AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY CANE The raw material for the sugar SUGAR INDUSTRY industry, SUGARCANE is a matter of concern to all the millers SUGAR FOOD MANUFACTURING 21 22 Sugarcane Leaves 8-9% Stalk 80 - 85 % Top 10 - 15 % 1 Ton of cane Sugar 105-110 Kg Food, Drink Molasses 50-60 Kg Ethanol MSG yeast feeding Water 500-510 Kg Stream, Process, Waste Bagasse 270-290 Kg Most. 50-52 % Filter mud 28-40 Kg. Most. 70-72 % Fuel, Pulp, Particle board 23 Bagasse 270-290 Kg Most. 50-52 % Filter mud 28-40 Kg. Most. 70-72 % Fuel, Pulp, Particle board Compost/organic Fertilizer 8-9 % Excess Land fill and Soil improvement 24 MP Particle Board Co.,Ltd. 25 - Utilization of excess bagasse 250,000 Tons/year - Indirectly protect environment (reduced DEFORESTATION > 500 ha/year) - Capacity 90,000 Cu.m/year (2 million pieces) 26 Mitr Phol Sugarcane Research Center Co. Ltd. BIO-ENERGY is the next step 27 Bio-Energy Electricity from Biomass…… Renewable Energy for Communities The company decided to invest in biomass power business utilizing bagasse leftover from crushing, cane leaves, hay, rice husks and other agricultural waste as fuels to generate steam and electricity. 2002 • The Dan Chang Bio-Energy Co., Ltd., 53 MW • The Phu Kieo Bio-Energy Co., Ltd. 65 MW 28 Phu Khieo Bio Energy Co.Ltd., Mitr Phol Sugarcane Research Center Co. Ltd. Green Energy for a Clean World 30 Petro Green 31 Registered: Location: Productivity: August 30, 2004 2 provinces in Northeast of Thailand 200,000 liters / day / plant Total of 400,000 liters per day 32 The production and use of ethanol helps reduce the production of green house gases and helps eliminate the need for the hazardous MTBE as additive to gasoline. The production of ethanol increases the value addition from the use of cane juice and molasses The production of ethanol increases income of farmers producing raw materials, such as sugarcane, and other appropriate farm produce. It also helps reduce the need for oil imports. 33 Mitr Phol Sugarcane Research Center Co. Ltd. • • • • Outline Mitr Phol Introduction Climate Change : Sugarcane’s Roles Business Integration Conclusion 34 CONCEPT OF SUGARCANE ULTILIZATION Conventional sugar mill New cane factory ใหม่ Compost By-product Ethanol 35 AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY CANE The raw material for the sugar SUGAR INDUSTRY industry, SUGARCANE is a matter of concern to all the millers SUGAR ENERGY FOOD and ENEGRY 36 37 Block 1 41 MW Phukhieo Bio-energy Block 3 24 MW Bagasse 38 Petrogreen Phu Khieo Bio Energy Sugar Factory MP Particle Board MP R&D. 39 40 Mitr Phol’s Business Conclusion • Started as a simple sugar factory • Moved from energy self-sufficiency to the concept co-generation by saving energy and managing feed stock. • Concern over global climate change coupled with sound business rationale led to expansion of the idea into BIO-ENERGY (ethanol plants) by making use of feed stocks from sugar which reduces carbon dioxide and green house gas 41 Mitr Phol Sugarcane Research Center Co. Ltd. [email protected] Mitr Phol Sugarcane Research Center Co. Ltd. 42