Download RAD TECH A Tuesdays 3:30 – 6:40

Welcome to
RAD TECH - A
Introduction
To
Radiologic Technology
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RAD TECH A
Wednesdays 6:00pm – 9:10pm
Introduction to Radiologic Technology
El Camino College
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RTEC A INSTRUCTOR
• MINA COLUNGA, B.S.,RT., C.R.T.
Instructor, [email protected] or
[email protected]
WEB page:
www.elcamino.edu/faculty/mcolunga
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http://www.elcamino.edu/faculty/mcolunga/
Office: PHYS 117-D
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How to access the webpages
How to download
Power points and Notes
Free: msn.com PowerPoint download
Word Documents …..
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TEXTBOOKS FOR Fall 2010
RTEC A (keep for the Program)
RAD TECH A BOOK:
Introduction to Radiologic Sciences and Patient Care
Adler & Carlton
New this Fall
Published 2007
4th Edition
• ISBN: 1416031944
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On Reserve in Library
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Classroom – Lab Rules
• NO eating or drinking in class
– CLOSED water only
• Cell phones, etc OFF
• When class is FULL
– keep book bags on the floor
– not on seat next to you
• Lab
– NO sandals allowed
– Must wear closed toed shoes
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Studying Tips
• Review Terms
• End of chapter
questions
• 4th edition
– at back of book
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Where to get Help
• Student Services Center
• FINANCIAL AID
– GRANTS
– CAL, PELL
• EOPS
• Special Resources
• Academic strategy courses
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Academic Strategies
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Communication is Essential
• Theater Arts
• Beginning acting
• PE 254 – aide for
adaptive PE
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Success skills
• Review lectures (power points) & reading assignments
BEFORE CLASS!
• REWRITE your notes after class
• Keep up with assignments & homework
• Make a new friend (Get some contact #’s in class)
• Find the best time for YOU to study
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Review of Syllabus
and Reading Schedule
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Class / Lab Conduct
• You are expected to come to class fully
prepared and able to participate.
– Absences and tardies will affect your grade
• You are also expected to practice courtesy and
respect at all times.
• No children can be brought to class and they
cannot sit outside of the classroom (ed code)
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Disruptive Behaviors
• Behaviors that disrupt the learning process
will not be tolerated. These include:
– Talking to others during lectures,
demonstrations, quizzes or exams
– Sleeping or laying head down during class
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Disruptive Behaviors
– Checking cell phone messages, text
messaging, or answering phone calls
– Wearing headphones and listening to music
– Swearing and rude or disrespectful behavior
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Disruptive Behaviors
• Arriving late & leaving early
• Entering & exiting classroom excessively
– Breaks are given at reasonable intervals
• Working on other assignments not related
to the class you are in
• Using a laptop for other than class notes
– (game playing, checking email,etc)
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Disruptive or Disrespectful
Behavior
If not corrected, can result in
the instructor asking you to
leave the classroom, and it will
be counted as an absence
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Attendance
Per school policy
• “ A student may be dropped from
class when the number of hours
absent exceeds
the number of units assigned to
the course”.
(1 class = 3 hours)
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How will tardies, leaving early and
absences affect my grade?
• Absences
– 2 pt penalty
• Tardies & leaving early
– 1 pt penalty
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Drop Policy
• It is the student’s responsibility to formally
withdraw from a class.
• If a formal drop is not submitted
– You will receive a “F”
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Academic Honesty
• Plagiarism, cheating or furnishing
materials to other student.
– Violates Section 1.B.1 of ECC Board policy,
Standards of Student Conduct
– Will result in a zero for that exam, quiz, or
assignment
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Examples of Cheating or Plagiarism are:
• Obtaining copies of:
– notes
–exams or exam questions
• Copying
• Photographing
• Removing exam from classroom
• WITHOUT PERMISSION
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PICTURES
• NO PHOTOS CAN BE
TAKEN
• Violation of rules of conduct
• Violation of colleagues
privacy
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Make up examinations
• Must call or email instructor before class time
• Exam must be made up before next class
• 10% penalty
• Labs and quizzes WILL NOT be made up nor
can they be done ahead of time
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Late Work
10% penalty for every day late
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Overview of Types of
Radiologic Technology Programs
•
•
•
•
•
University-based
College-based
Hospital-based
Military
Commercial Schools
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RT Program Stats + Awards
JRCERT May 2007
TOTAL RADIOGRAPHY PROGRAMS =
612
Type of School
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
4 yr =
CC =
Technical =
Hospital =
Military =
Proprietary =
Consortium=
AA
Cert
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225
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182
0
22
1
4
2
22
3
5
3
2
BA
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1
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El Camino College
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37 years
assisting
Imaging Professionals
To reach their goals!
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ECC’s Program
• 2 year Associates Degree Program
– Not including prerequisites
– Starts last week of August and completes mid
October - 26 months later.
• 2-3 courses on campus each semester
and 24 – 35 hours per week of
internship training in the affiliated
hospitals per semester
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Upon Graduation from ECC
• Associates Degree in Science
• Certificate of Completion from an
Accredited Radiologic Technology
Program
- Accredited by JRCERT
• ARRT Approved
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LICENSURE
–Graduation from an accredited
Radiologic Technology program
–Passing board exam with 75% or
better.
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LICENSE ELIGIBLITY
• ARRT – American Registry of Radiologic
Technology (RT)
• Radiologic Technologist (R.T.) (R)
• California – State Dept of Health –RHB
• C.R.T (R,F)
– RADIOGRAPHY & FLUOROSCOPY CERTS
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Questions to ask about
a Program
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
What is your pass rate?
Average scores on ARRT exam
Length of Program
Limited XT vs. Fully Accredited R.T
Job Outlook/Prospects- Pay Rate
Accreditation Status
Cost
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How do I become eligible for acceptance to
ECC’s program ?
Course Overview
• A.S. Requirements
• RTEC A
– CIS 13
• Anatomy (4 units)
– Psychology 5
– English 1A
– Recommended
– Math 40 (Algebra)
with in the last 5
– Humanities
– Medical Assist 4
years
(Medical Term.)
• Physiology (4 units)
– Contemporary Health
•
(Chem prereq)
or PE
– Minimum of 2.25 GPA
MUCH MORE ABOUT THIS IN WEEK 3
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See course evaluation sheet on
program webpage
http://www.elcamino.edu/academics/healthsciences/radiologictech/index.asp
Or go to
www.elcamino.edu
Search: radiologic technology
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RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY
A
HIGH TECH – HIGH TOUCH
PROFESSION
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WHY CHOOSE
RADIOGRAPHY?
Isn’t it dangerous?
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Is this a safe profession?
Why do you want to do this?
Why are you taking this class?
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Radiation is all around us
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Natural or Background Radiation
• Occurs spontaneously through nature
• Examples:
– Sun
– Planetary bodies
– Earth
• Radium
• Uranium
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Human or Man Made Radiation
• Nuclear industry
– Fallout from weapons testing
– Nuclear plant accidents
– Disposal of by-products
• Radionuclides
– Comes from products containing radioactive elements
– Radio pharmaceuticals
• Medical and Dental exams
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• Electromagnetic waves – everyday
exposure
• Radiation comes from all directions
• It comes from:
– your local and far away radio and TV stations.
– local power lines, telephone lines,
international satellites orbiting the earth, and
the personal computer.
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$$$ HOW MUCH $$$
NEW GRADS = R.T.
• $45,000 TO $ 60,000 per year (AS
degree)
• IS IT WORTH THE EFFORT?
YOU BET!
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– November 8,
1895:
Historical
Perspectives
• Wilhelm Conrad
Roentgen
discovered xrays
– German
Physicist
– University of
Wurtzburg
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• Wilhelm Roentgen in 1895 - discovered
x-rays
• Working with Crooke’s vacuum tube
– He found invisible rays were produced.
– These new rays could go through skin and
flesh
– Give a picture of a person's bones.
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First Radiograph
• Anna Bertha
Roentgen
• 30 minute
exposure
.
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X-rays – the Basic Radiological Tool
Roentgen’s experimental apparatus Crookes tube
Taken 22 Dec. 1895
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Collaborative Events
• Crookes tube
– Air evacuated glass tube
– Cathode side
– Anode side
– Electrical supply
• Screen or board painted with barium
platinocyanide
• Low light work area
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“Willie Roentgen”
• Honored in 1901
with the first
Nobel prize in
physics for his
efforts.
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X-ray production begins
at the atomic level
Energy (photons) are released when
the electron collides with another electron,
the change in e of the shells –produces photons
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• Radiation is energy
• Comes from many sources
– natural and manmade
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How Are X-rays Made?
• The electrons are
boiled off from the
filament
• Accelerated by a
high voltage towards
the metal target.
• The X-rays are
produced when the
electrons collide with
the atoms and nuclei
of the metal target.62
• X rays began to be used in industry and
medicine
• Years later, they noticed it can be harmful
• They could be harmful to:
– living tissue
– even cause cancer if the exposures
were too great or too prolonged
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Early measurement of Radiation
• Skin dryness & erythema
• Ulcers formed
• Cataracts
• Cancers
• “Invisible RAYS”
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Patient
Patient
1.
1. X
X--ray
ray Exposure
Exposure
5. Computed
Radiograph
unexposed
unexposed
4.
Image
Scaling
X
X--ray
ray
system
system
Image
Recorder
2.
2.
PSP
PSP
detector
detector
Image
Image
Reader
Reader
exposed
exposed
re
re--usable
phosphor
phosphor
plate
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Radiologic Technologists
Practices
RADIATION SAFETY
TO SELF
AND
OTHERS
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More imaging technology in
Radiology
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Fluoroscopy
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COMPUTED RADIOGRAPHY
Medical Imaging is changing
First educational institution in California or across
the country to offer this new technology on a
college campus
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Cassette with film
CR with PSP plate
•CR replaces existing
film
• PSP plate captures
the photons
•Changes them into a
digital signal
• Sent to a monitor
for viewing
“FILMLESS”
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Darkroom (only red light)
low visibility - smelly
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Radiology 1895
Radiology 2001
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Post processing with CR or DR
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Questions ?
• Diagnostic Imaging Modalities
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DEFINITIONS
• RADIATION
• RADIOLOGY
• RADIOLOGIST
• TECHNOLOGIST VS
TECHNICIAN
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RADIATION
• Energy
• Ionization
• Ionizing Radiation
• Non- ionizing
radiation
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FORMS OF MEDICAL IMAGES
• Sound waves
(Ultrasound)
• Electrical energy
(EKG)
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HISTORY REVIEW
• WHO
• WHAT
• SERIES OF EVENTS
• WHEN
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CAREERS IN RADIOLOGIC
TECHNOLOGY
• Radiologic
Technologist
– Radiographer
– X-ray Technologist
• RadiologicTechnician
– Limited License tech
• Radiologist
– Doctor
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RADIOGRAPHY
• Diagnostic Radiology
– Technologist
– Radiographer
– Technician (Limited Licensure)
– Specializing in the use of x-rays to create3 images of
the body including the skeletal system,chest and
abdomen
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Early years in Radiologic Technology
• Nurses or nurses aides taught how to “take an xray”
• NO special education
• Only “ON THE JOB” training
• Experience the best teacher
• The first Technologist is credited to be
EDWARD C. JERMAN.
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An early therapy session
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In 30 years
• Developed from a technical trade to one of a
professionalism
• Once thought that anyone could be trained to
quickly = “push the buttons’
• To now where it is considered a profession that
requires analytical thinking and problem solving
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National Certification
ARRT
arrt.org
• 275,000 Registered RT (R)
• 2007: 15,285 exams
– 89% Radiography
– 3.6 % Nuclear Med
– 7.1 Radiation Therapy
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National Inconsistencies
• Everything from requiring fully accredited
programs to 8 hours of education to
become a general operator.
• Some have stated that in their states
during the initial grand fathering that their
family pet could have qualified.....
• No chance for nationally consistent
state-licensure laws......
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As of Sept 2001- 16 states have no licensure laws
Diagnostic Radiologic
Technologist
Aka: Radiographer
Not a “Technician”
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Diagnostic Radiology
• Portable (Mobile) Radiography
• Pediatric
• Geriatric
• Surgery
• Trauma
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Uses Ionizing Radiation to
create images of the human body
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Digital whole body scan
for Trauma is this the future of Radiology?
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TECHNOLOGIST
• Fluoroscopy
• Contrast Media (Xray dye)
• Mina Colunga, R.T.
(R)
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FLUOROSCOPYXRAYS IN
MOTION
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ADVANCED SKILL LEVELS
• CAT SCAN (CT)
• ULTRASOUND (RDMS)
• MRI (MR)
• ANGIOGRAPHY (CIT) (CV)
• NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(NM)
• RADIATION THERAPY (T)
• MAMMOGRAPHY (M)
• MANAGEMENT (BS)
• PET (BD)
• EDUCATION
• Bone Densitometry
• (BS,MEd, PhD EDD)
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Types of Powerpoints
1) Complete lecture
2) Incomplete Lecture
3) Skeleton Lecture
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Complete Lecture
• Everything is there
• You have to take few notes because you can refer back
to it at a later date
• It’s your lucky day if you miss class
• Much like todays lecture
• Lecture goes fast- because you have all the information
you need on the PP.
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Incomplete lecture
1. Bits and ________
2. Must __________to get all information.
3. You should _______ powerpoints, take_____ to fill in
the spots missing or bring ________ or ___________.
4. ______ areas are in _______.
5. _________ is _____-pace giving you enough time to
take ______ and ______ to lecture.
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Incomplete lecture (Slide 123)
1. Bits and pieces
2. Must attend class to get all information.
3. You should print powerpoints, take notes to fill in the spots missing
or bring a laptop or digital recorder.
–
–
Don’t have to print entire PP only the sheets that need filling in
Or use the page numbers as a reference to which bullet points need to
be filled in
4. Missing areas are in red.
5. Lecture is mid-pace giving you enough time to take notes and listen
to lecture.
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Skeleton Lecture
• Topics
• Note taking
• Class
• Speed
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Skeleton Lecture (Slide 126)
• Topics
– The main points are listed
• Note taking
– Elaboration of these topics will be given and you must take notes
on these topics
• Class
– If you are not in class you will not get the information unless you
have a buddy that takes excellent notes
• Speed
– Lecture is slower so that you can take notes better, concepts are
reviewed and explained in more detail
124
FINAL vs. DRAFT
• Final:
– Safe to print
– No changes will be made
• Draft
– Small changes will be made
– May be best to wait to print
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