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Cardiovascular
System
By: Jamie Stephenson
History of the Cardiovascular
system
William Harvey, a student of
Hieranymus Farbricius (who had
earlier described the valves of the
veins without recognizing their
function), performed a sequence
of experiments and announced in
1628 the discovery of the human
circulatory system as his own and
published an influential book about
it. This work with its essentially
correct exposition slowly
convinced the medical world.
Harvey was not able to identify
the capillary system connecting
arteries and veins; these were
later described by Marcello
Malpighi.
Did you know that each
day, 2,000 gallons
(more than 7,570 liters)
of blood travel many
times through about
60,000 miles (96,560
kilometers) of blood
vessels that branch and
cross, linking the cells
of our organs and body
parts?????
What Makes up the
Cardiovascular system?

The Heart & the

The Circulatory system
The Circulatory System
The circulatory
system is composed
of
Both  The heart and blood
vessels, Inlcuding
the:
 Arteries, veins, and
capillaries.
The Heart
The heart is the key
organ in the
circulatory system.
 As a hollow,
muscular pump, its
main function is to
propel blood
throughout the
body.

Interesting Facts




The heart usually beats
from 60 to 100 times
per minute, but can go
much faster when it
needs to.
The heart beats about
100,000 times a day
It beats more than 30
million times per year
And about 2.5 billion
times in a 70-year
lifetime.
Why and When does our Heart
Pump?




The heart gets messages from the body that tell it
when to pump more or less blood depending on a
person's needs.
When we're sleeping, it pumps just enough to
provide for the lower amounts of oxygen needed by
our bodies at rest.
When we're exercising or frightened, the heart
pumps faster to get more oxygen to our bodies.
The circulatory system is an organ system that
moves nutrients, gases, and wastes to and from
cells to help fight diseases and help stabilize body
temperature and pH to maintain homeostasis.
Anatomy of the Heart


The heart is made up of four
different blood-filled areas,
and each of these areas is
called a chamber.
There are two chambers on
each side of the heart. One
chamber is on the top and
one chamber is on the
bottom. The two chambers
on top are called the atria
The heart has a left atrium
and a right atrium.
Anatomy of the Heart




The two chambers on the
bottom are called the
ventricles.
The heart has a left
ventricle and a right
ventricle.
Their job is to squirt out the
blood to the body and lungs.
Running down the middle of
the heart is a thick wall of
muscle called the septum.
The septum's job is to
separate the left side and
the right side of the heart.
Function of the Chambers


The atria and ventricles
work as a team — the
atria fill with blood,
then dump it into the
ventricles.
The ventricles then
squeeze, pumping blood
out of the heart. While
the ventricles are
squeezing, the atria
refill and get ready for
the next contraction.
The Valves of the Heart
Two of the heart valves are the mitral valve
and the tricuspid valve. They let blood flow
from the atria to the ventricles.
 The other two are called the aortic valve and
pulmonary valve, and they're in charge of
controlling the flow as the blood leaves the
heart. These valves all work to keep the
blood flowing forward. They open up to let
the blood move ahead, then they close
quickly to keep the blood from flowing
backward.

Circulation

The blood moves through
many tubes called
arteries and veins, which
together are called blood
vessels. These blood
vessels are attached to
the heart. The blood
vessels that carry blood
away from the heart are
called arteries. The ones
that carry blood back to
the heart are called veins.
3 Types of Circulation
The body's circulatory system really has
three distinct parts: Pulmonary circulation,
coronary circulation, and systemic
circulation. Or, the lungs (pulmonary), the
heart (coronary), and the rest of the
system (systemic). Each part must be
working independently in order for them
to all work together.
What is the Function of
Circulation?


It takes less than 60
seconds to pump blood to
every cell in your body!
The left side of your heart
sends oxygen-rich blood
out to the body. The body
takes the oxygen out of the
blood and uses it in your
body's cells. When the cells
use the oxygen, they make
carbon dioxide and other
stuff that gets carried away
by the blood. It's like the
blood delivers lunch to the
cells and then has to pick up
the trash!
What does the Blood do After
Delivering Oxygen?
The returning blood enters the right side of
the heart.
 The right ventricle pumps the blood to the
lungs for a little freshening up.
 In the lungs, carbon dioxide is removed from
the blood and sent out of the body when we
exhale.
 Next – we inhale fresh breath of oxygen that
can enter the blood to start the process
again. And remember, it all happens in about
a minute!

How to Keep a Healthy Heart



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
Remember that your heart is a
muscle. If you want it to be strong,
you need to exercise it. How do
you do it? By: jumping rope,
dancing, or playing basketball. Try
to be active every day for at least
30 minutes! An hour would be even
better for your heart!
Eat a variety of healthy foods and
avoid foods high in unhealthy fats,
such as saturated fats and trans
fats (reading the labels on foods
can help you figure out if your
favorite snacks contain these
unhealthy ingredients).
Try to eat at least five servings of
fruits and vegetables each day.
Avoid sugary soft drinks and fruit
drinks.
Don't smoke. It can damage the
heart and blood vessels.
Works Cited
"Body Systems: Circulatory System - The Human Heart: An Online
Exploration from The Franklin Institute, made possible by Unisys." 26
Feb. 2009 <http://www.fi.edu/learn/heart/systems/circulation.html>.
 "The Cardiovascular System." FindingDulcinea | Online Guides |
Internet Library | Web Resources. 26 Feb. 2009
<http://www.findingdulcinea.com/guides.topic__ss_categories_ss_scie
nce_ss_Science-of-the-Body_ss_Cardiovascular-System.html>.
 "Yahoo! Image Search Results for cardiovascular system." Yahoo!
Search - Image Search. 26 Feb. 2009
<http://images.search.yahoo.com/search/images?_adv_prop=image&fr
=yfp-t501&va=cardiovascular+system&sz=all&imtype=&imqualityall>.
 "Your Gross and Cool Body: Circulatory System." The Yuckiest Site
on the Internet. 26 Feb. 2009
<http://yucky.discovery.com/noflash/body/pg000131.html>.
