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Boredom at it’s HEART
By: Dhravid Kumar
18 May 2015
© NOT REGISTERED
Dedication
.
To my parents who are always
around to support me
Dhravid Kumar
Table of Contents
Introduction
A Heart is not a
The Pacemaker
The Full Cycle of the Heart
Electrocardiogram
Malfunctions
Introduction
In these chapters, you will learn
to save someone’s life and be their
hero. This could aid you to assist
people from getting hurt, when it is
not very obvious. When in the face
of danger, learn to recognize the
signs and call for help.
A Heart is not a
A common mistake in people’s
mind is that the human heart is in
the shape of a . A real human
heart looks very different (see
figure 1). The heart consists of 4
distinct main chambers. The
upper chambers or the atria are
smaller than the lower chambers
or ventricles. The heart is in the
middle of the chest, slightly to the
left of center and is surrounded
by the lungs. An important part of
the heart is the pacemaker.
Figure 1
Dissected heart
Atrium
Ventricles
The Pacemaker
The pacemaker or the Sinoatrial (SA) (see
figure 2) node is the size of a dot in the
heart. It sets the rhythm of the heart
along with another node called the
Atrioventricular (AV) (see figure 2)
node. The rhythm is essential to
ensure that pure and impure blood is
kept separate. Occasionally, the SA
node will fail and the AV node will take
the job of the SA node. If both the SA
and AV nodes fail, then the person will
have to get an artificial pacemaker or
they will die.
Pacemaker
Figure 2
Dissected heart
AtrioVentriclar node
The Full Cycle of the Heart
Vena Cava
Right
Atrium
Bicuspid
Valve
Right
Ventricle
Pulmonary
Valve
Pulmonary
Arteries
Pulmonary
Capillary
Bed
Pulmonary
Veins
Left
Atrium
Tricuspid
Valve
Left
Ventricle
Aortic
Valve
Aorta
Arteries
Arterioles
Tissue
Capillaries
Venules
Veins
Vena Cava
Electrocardiogram
EKG or better known as ECG, is an acronym for
electrocardiogram and is shown in Figure 3.
The ECG is a graphical representation of the
electrical activity of the heart in the form of a
wave with spikes and dips. These waves are
then broken up into different sections. The
sections in a typical pattern is shown in
Figure 4.
To read an EKG for an individual, 10 tabs have to
be placed on the perdon’s body to collect
electrical pulses. The tab’s tip should be
facing down and placed on six different
places on the chest (see Figure 5). The last
four have to be placed such that there is one
tab on each wrist and one tab on each ankle.
The tabs on the ankle have to be places with
the tips facing up.
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Malfunctions
• Fred felt a strong pain in his chest.
This did not subside with time.
Even though he felt this way, Fred
blew it off thinking that it was just
a small problem and continued
with his life. One morning, he felt
a sharp pain in his chest. It was
so sharp that he took the day off
thinking that he could rest and
get better. A few hours later, he
fainted in his bedroom from a
heart attack. Fred had a cardiac
arrest and died minutes later
because there was no one to call
for help when he fainted.
A heart attack is like a huge tidal
wave in the ocean while a cardiac
arrest is like a destructive
Tsunami. A heart attack occurs
when the heart does not receive
sufficient blood because of
blockage in the coronary artery.
This causes the muscles of the
heart (myocardium) to be
damaged. Cardiac arrest is when
a huge section of the myocardium
dies and the heart stops working.
If this is not treated immediately,
the person cannot recover.
Conclusion
Now you know what to do if
someone complains of chest pain
and faints. You also know what it
could mean. With this new
knowledge, you could save
someone’s life. It could be your
family member, a neighbor or
even a stranger. You can help
someone get help and be their
hero.
Glossary
Coronary artery disease
The coronary artery being blocked.
Thrombosis
The forming of a blood clot in an
artery.
Ventricle
A camber that stores blood in the
heart.
Capillaries
The smallest blood vessel.
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• http://www.todayifoundout.com/
index.php/2011/10/how-to-readan-ekg-electrocardiograph/
• http://lifeinthefastlane.com/reso
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