Download The Present Perfect

The Present Perfect and Pluperfect
The Present Perfect
• In English we form the
present perfect tense by
combining have or has with
the past participle of a verb:
he has seen, have you
tried?, they haven’t eaten.
The Present Perfect
• To form the past participle of
a verb in Spanish, you add
-ado to the stem of -ar
verbs and -ido to the stem of
most -er/-ir verbs.
The Present Perfect
• To form the present perfect
tense, we combine this past
participle with the present
tense of the verb haber.
The Present Perfect
• We generally use the
Spanish present perfect in
the same way we use its
English equivalent.
The Present Perfect
I have rented
We have rented
You have rented
You all have rented
He, She It
has rented
They have rented
The Present Perfect
he alquilado
hemos alquilado
has alquilado
habéis alquilado
ha alquilado
han alquilado
The Present Perfect
I have chosen
We have chosen
You have chosen
You all have
chosen
He, She It
has chosen
They have chosen
The Present Perfect
he escogido
hemos escogido
has escogido
habéis escogido
ha escogido
han escogido
The Present Perfect
I have decided
We have decided
You have decided
You all have
decided
He, She It
has decided
They have decided
The Present Perfect
he decidido
hemos decidido
has decidido
habéis decidido
ha decidido
han decidido
The Present Perfect
• No he reparado la bicicleta
todavía.
• I haven’t repaired the bicycle
yet.
The Present Perfect
• ¿Qué trabajos has tenido?
• What jobs have you had?
The Present Perfect
• Notice that when the past
participle is used with forms
of haber, the final -o never
changes.
The Present Perfect
• Ricardo ha grabado su
película favorita.
• Sus hermanos han grabado
una telenovela.
The Present Perfect
• Certain verbs that have a
double vowel in the infinitive
form (except those with the
double vowel ui ) require an
accent mark on the i in the
past participle.
The Present Perfect
• Caer
• Leer
• Oír
• Creer
• Traer
• Reír
caído
leído
oído
creído
traído
reído
The Present Perfect
• Notice that we place no and
other negative words, object
pronouns, and reflexive
pronouns directly in front of
the form of the verb haber.
The Present Perfect
• Has alquilado esa película
alguna vez?
• No, no la he alquilado
nunca.
Pluperfect
(Past Perfect)
(Pluscuamperfecto)
• The past perfect (also called the pluperfect
and, in Spanish, the pluscuamperfecto),
remember, is the past of the past and
translates with “had” in English. ALL perfect
tenses get a helping verb and a past
participle:
As you saw, the present perfect
tense has a set of helping verbs
that come from “haber”:
he
has
ha
hemos
habéis
han
The same is true of the past perfect. The helping verbs for the past
perfect are the imperfect form of “haber”:
había hablado
habías hablado
había hablado
habíamos hablado
habíais
hablado
habían
hablado
Participles
• Some verbs have irregular
past participles.
Here is a list of irregular participles
volver
poner
abrir
cubrir
escribir
vuelto
puesto
abierto
cubierto
escrito
ver
morir
decir
hacer
romper
visto
muerto
dicho
hecho
roto
Here is a song to help remember…
Abierto
Dicho
Hecho
Puesto
Escrito
Roto
Visto
Vuelto
Cubierto