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Fall Final Exam Flip Chart French 2 Semester 1 RE VERBS • To Conjugate RE Verbs – Remove the RE – Add the ending that agrees with the subject • Je –s • Tu-s • Il/elle – nothing nous -ons vous -ez ils/elles -ent • RE verbs Vendre Repondre rendre entendre perdre descendre IR VERBS • To Conjugate IR verbs – Remove the IR – Add the ending that agrees with the subject • Je –is • Tu – is • Il/elle – it nous-issons vous – issez ils/elles - issent • IR verbs – Rougir – Choisir grossir finir maigrir grandir ER VERBS • All regular ER verbs have the following endings – Je ___ e – Tu___ es – Il/elle/on___ e • Regular ER verbs – – – – Travailler Danser Chanter ETC… nous____ ons vous____ ez ils/elles ____ ent ER verbs • Some ER verbs have spelling changes • Acheter Préférer – J’achète – Tu achètes – Il achète – Nous achetons – Vous achetez – Elles achètent Je préfère tu préfères il préfère nous préférons vous préférez elles préfèrent ER Verbs • –ger and –cer have spelling changes in the nous form only – Manger • Nous mangeons – Commencer • Nous commençons Prendre, Dormir, Sortir and Partir • Prendre = To take, to have (food) – Je prends – Tu prends – il/elle prend nous prenons vous prenez ils/elles prennent Prendre, Dormir, Sortir and Partir • Dormir – Je dors – Tu dors – Il/elle dort – nous dormons – Vous dormez – Ils/elles dorment Sortir je sors tu sors il/elle sort nous sortons vous sortez ils/elles sortent Prendre, Dormir, Sortir and Partir • Partir – Je pars – Tu pars – Il/elle part – Nous partons – Vous partez – ils/elles partent Direct Object Pronouns • A direct object is the person or thing receiving the action of the verb • Direct Objects can be nouns or pronouns. To avoid repetition, direct objects can be replaced by direct object pronouns. Me = me nous = us Te = you Singular or informal Le/La = him/her/it vous = you Plural or formal Les = them Direct Object Pronouns • In the present tense, the direct object pronoun goes before the conjugated verb – J’envoie la lettre. – Je l’envoie. • If there is an infinitive, place the direct object pronoun before the infinitive. – Je vais envoyer les cartes. – Je vais les envoyer Indirect Object Pronouns • An indirect object is the person who benefits from the action of the verb. • In French indirect objects are almost ALWAYS preceded by à and are often used in giving and receiving. Indirect Object Pronouns • Indirect object pronouns are used to avoid repetition. Place the indirect object pronoun before the conjugated verb. Me = (to)me Nous = (to) us Te = (to) you Singular or informal Lui = (to) him/her Vous = (to) you Plural or formal Leur = (to) them ORDER OF PRONOUNS • If you have a sentence with a direct object pronoun, and/or an indirect object pronoun place the pronouns in the following order Me le Te la lui Nous les leur vous ORDER OF PRONOUNS • Examples – J’envoie cette carte à mon ami. • Je la lui envoie. – Nous offrons à mes amis un ballon • Nous leur en offrons un. Passé Composé with Avoir • To form the passé composé: – Subject + Helping Verb (avoir) + Past Participle of the main verb • Past Participles of regular ER, IR and RE verbs are – ER -> é – IR -> I – Re -> u Passé Composé with Avoir • Examples: – J’ai parlé francais. – Nous avons fini nos devoirs – Ils ont vendu les fleurs. • Remember with avoir the past participle does not change….just the helping verb changes to agree with the subject Passé Composé with Avoir • Many verbs you know that use avoir as a helping verb have irregular past participles that must be memorized. – – – – – – – – Boire (bu) Avoir (eu) Dire (dit) Écrire (écrit) Mettre (mis) offrir (offert) Pouvoir (pu) Vouloir (voulu) Voir (vu) savoir (su être (été) faire (fait) prendre (pris) connaître (connu) pleuvoir (plu) Passé Composé with être • A select set of verbs use être as a helping verb instead of avoir. • When using être as a helping verb, the past participle MUST agree with the subject in gender and number – Elle est sortie – Nous sommes sortis – Elles sont sorties Passé Composé with être • To help us remember which verbs use être we use the acronym DR & MRS. VANDERTRAMP – – – – – – Devenir Revenir & Mourir Retourner Sortir Venir Aller Naître Descendre Entrer Rentrer Tomber Rester Arriver Monter Passer / Partir